Microstructure and Current-Voltage Characteristics of Erbium Oxide Doped Multicomponent Zinc Oxide Varistors

Roy, Samarpita; Roy, Tufan; Das, Debdulal

doi:10.1088/1757-899x/338/1/012046

Cited by 5 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“… Zn 3 (VO 4 ) 2 , Zn 4 V 2 O 9 , ZnV 2 O 4 , V 2 O 5 , and Zn 2 MnO 4 phases were observed in ZnO-V 2 O 5 -MnO 2 -Nb 2 O 5 systems with 0.5% V 2 O 5 , 2% MnO 2 , and 0.1% Nb 2 O 5 sintered by SSS at 1100 °C for 0.5–8 h or TSS (T 1 = 1050 °C, t 1 = 1/6 h, T 2 = 750–800 °C, t 2 = 2.5–40 h). Additionally, an ErVO 4 phase was formed in 0.5% Er 2 O 3 -doped systems [ 62 , 63 ]. …”

Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zn 3 (VO 4 ) 2 , Zn 4 V 2 O 9 , V 2 O 5 , Mn-rich, Er-rich, and ErVO 4 phases [ 62 , 63 , 169 , 174 , 175 ] were observed in ZnO-V 2 O 5 -MnO 2 -Nb 2 O 5 -Er 2 O 3 (ZVMNE) systems with 0.5% V 2 O 5 , 2% MnO 2 , 0.05–0.1% Nb 2 O 5 , and 0.5–2% Er 2 O 3 sintered at 900–1300 °C for 0.5–8 h. The MOVs sintered at 950–1100 °C for ≤8 h also yielded the Zn 2 MnO 4 phase [ 62 , 175 ]. Figure 9 depicts the XRD patterns of the ZVMNE systems developed by Roy et al [ 62 ].…”

Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 12 illustrates FESEM images of typical MOVs (mol.%) from the undoped ZnO-0.5% V 2 O 5 -2% MnO 2 -0.1% Nb 2 O 5 (ZVMN systems) and 0.5 mol.% Er 2 O 3 -doped ZVMN systems sintered in air at 1100 °C for 0.5 h, 2 h, and 8 h [ 62 ]. The figure shows the gradual increase in grain growth with increasing dwell time from 0.5 h to 8 h, and a larger mean ZnO grain size for the undoped ZVMN systems (32.6·µm) compared to the Er 2 O 3 -doped ones (10.8·µm).…”

Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total breakdown voltage of an MOV depends on the number of active ZnO-ZnO GBs between two metal electrodes (e.g., Ag, Al, Pt, Pd, or their alloys, etc.) [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 ] formed on the top and bottom plane surfaces of a ceramic MOV disc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dopants and Processing Parameters on the Properties of ZnO-V2O5-Based Varistors Prepared by Powder Metallurgy: A Review

Lungu¹

2023

Materials

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This article reviews the progress in developing ZnO-V2O5-based metal oxide varistors (MOVs) using powder metallurgy (PM) techniques. The aim is to create new, advanced ceramic materials for MOVs with comparable or superior functional properties to ZnO-Bi2O3 varistors using fewer dopants. The survey emphasizes the importance of a homogeneous microstructure and desirable varistor properties, such as high nonlinearity (α), low leakage current density (JL), high energy absorption capability, reduced power loss, and stability for reliable MOVs. This study investigates the effect of V2O5 and MO additives on the microstructure, electrical and dielectric properties, and aging behavior of ZnO-based varistors. The findings show that MOVs with 0.25–2 mol.% V2O5 and MO additives sintered in air over 800 °C contain a primary phase of ZnO with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and several secondary phases that impact the MOV performance. The MO additives, such as Bi2O3, In2O3, Sb2O3, transition element oxides, and rare earth oxides, act as ZnO grain growth inhibitors and enhance the density, microstructure homogeneity, and nonlinearity. Refinement of the microstructure of MOVs and consolidation under appropriate PM conditions improve their electrical properties (JL ≤ 0.2 mA/cm2, α of 22–153) and stability. The review recommends further developing and investigating large-sized MOVs from the ZnO-V2O5 systems using these techniques.

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Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Properties Of Disc-shaped Movs From Zno-v 2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Dopants and Processing Parameters on the Properties of ZnO-V2O5-Based Varistors Prepared by Powder Metallurgy: A Review

Lungu¹

2023

Materials

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“…The varistor voltage of the ceramic evidently increased when the doping level was increased up to 1.5 wt.%. The increase in varistor voltage is related to the decrease of average grain size caused by the increased number of grain boundaries within the microstructure [18,30].…”

Section: Co3o4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinearity Characteristics of Low-Voltage Barium Titanate Based Zinc Oxide Varistor Ceramics Modified by Cobalt Dopants

Shaifudin¹,

Ghazali

Ikhmal³

et al. 2021

JICS

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Application of ZnO varistor at low voltage has increased significantly due to the high demands of low-voltage electronics with high nonlinearity characteristics and low leakage current. The varistor ceramics were developed via solid-state reaction method and the resultant sample was analyzed by means of SEM, EDS and XRD. The nonlinearity characteristics of ZnO varistor ceramics for different contents of cobalt oxide (Co3O4) at a given barium titanate (BaTiO3) amount were analyzed based on the J-E characteristics measurement. The increased value of nonlinear coefficient (α) equal to 4.8 was exhibited by the sample made with 12 wt.% BaTiO3 additive. As the concentration of dopant (Co3O4) incorporated was increased from 0.5 to 1.5 wt.%, the varistor voltage limit decreased from 8.9 V/mm to 7.0 V/mm, respectively. Additionally, the barrier height increased from 0.88 to 0.98 eV for 0.0 wt.% to 1.0 wt.% of Co3O4 concentration, respectively. The highest α of 7.2 was obtained at 0.5 wt.% Co3O4 and decreased with further doping content due to to the reduction of barrier height caused by the variation of electronic state at the grain boundaries.

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Effect of bismuth and vanadium as the varistor forming element in ZnO-based ceramics

Zhao

Wang

Sun

et al. 2020

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Microstructure and Current-Voltage Characteristics of Erbium Oxide Doped Multicomponent Zinc Oxide Varistors

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of Dopants and Processing Parameters on the Properties of ZnO-V2O5-Based Varistors Prepared by Powder Metallurgy: A Review

Effects of Dopants and Processing Parameters on the Properties of ZnO-V2O5-Based Varistors Prepared by Powder Metallurgy: A Review

Nonlinearity Characteristics of Low-Voltage Barium Titanate Based Zinc Oxide Varistor Ceramics Modified by Cobalt Dopants

Effect of bismuth and vanadium as the varistor forming element in ZnO-based ceramics

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