Microstructure analysis of martensite stainless steel by directed energy deposition and uniform high hardness

Liu, Yan; Zhang, Jianxun; Zhang, Linjie

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117392

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…Microstructure analysis of the WLAM 316L alloy on the XZ plane (printing direction-front cross-section view) clearly showed the presence of melt pool boundaries, along with an epitaxial solidification tendency of a secondary phase [ 38 , 39 ], as introduced in Figure 3 . Further analysis on the XY plane (printing path-top cross-section view) revealed the existence of a duplex microstructure composed of an austenitic matrix and a secondary ferritic phase [ 13 ], as expected from the Schaeffler diagram [ 40 ] and introduced in Figure 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Intralayer Porosity and Phase Transition on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Obtained by Direct Energy Deposition Process

et al. 2022

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A direct energy deposition (DED) process using wires is considered an additive manufacturing technology that can produce large components at an affordable cost. However, the high deposition rate of the DED process is usually accompanied by poor surface quality and inherent printing defects. These imperfections can have a detrimental effect on fatigue endurance and corrosion fatigue resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the critical effect of phase transition and printing defects on the corrosion fatigue behavior of 316L stainless steel produced by a wire laser additive manufacturing (WLAM) process. For comparison, a standard AISI 316L stainless steel with a regular austenitic microstructure was studied as a counterpart alloy. The structural assessment of printing defects was performed using a three-dimensional non-destructive method in the form of X-ray microtomography (CT) analysis. The microstructure was evaluated by optical and scanning electron microscopy, while general electrochemical characteristics and corrosion performance were assessed by cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CCP) analysis and immersion tests. The fatigue endurance in air and in a simulated corrosive environment was examined using a rotating fatigue setup. The obtained results clearly demonstrate the inferior corrosion fatigue endurance of the 316L alloy produced by the WLAM process compared to its AISI counterpart alloy. This was mainly related to the drawbacks of WLAM alloys in terms of having a duplex microstructure (austenitic matrix and secondary delta-ferrite phase), reduced passivity, and a significantly increased amount of intralayer porosity that acts as a stress intensifier of fatigue cracking.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Intralayer Porosity and Phase Transition on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Obtained by Direct Energy Deposition Process

et al. 2022

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Mechanical-metallurgical-corrosion behavior of Cr-Si-S-C ferritic/ferromagnetic stainless steel, known as AISI 430F, before and after isothermal recrystallization annealing

Bazri,

Mapelli,

Barella

et al. 2024

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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The research investigates the mechanical and corrosion behavior of Cr-Si-S-C ferritic stainless steel (FSS), known as EN1.4105, which is equivalent to AISI430F. The static isothermal recrystallization annealing is applied to the cold-drawn (CD) materials with two different reduction rates (RRs) of 20 and 35%, under various conditions of soaking temperature and incubation time, which provide 42 unique specimens. The microstructures of CD and annealed materials are characterized by using the electron backscatter diffraction method. X-Ray diffraction analysis alongside scanning electron microscopy linked with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy are also employed to scrutinize the precipitation of any secondary phases, morphologies, and the related chemical compositions. Two different corrosive chlorinated and acidic electrolyte solutions are used for the potentiostatic-based corrosion tests to investigate the passivation kinetics. The results show that the higher RR, which provides faster recrystallization, results in a higher scale of non-hardenable materials. In addition, the effects of RR and annealing conditions are found to have an impact on the corrosion resistance. Moreover, the material exhibits varied behavior in terms of both passivation layer formation as the immersion in the sulfuric acid electrolyte solution (SAES) and active electrochemical behavior immersing in sodium chloride electrolyte solution (SCES). However, this material shows lower corrosion current density and higher corrosion potential in the SCES compared to the SAES medium. The comprehensive findings underscore the intricate relationship between reduction rates, annealing conditions, microstructural evolution, and corrosion behavior in this FSS. The observed trends provide valuable insights for optimizing material performance and corrosion resistance in practical applications. Graphical abstract

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Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Surface Integrity of Austenitic-Martensitic Stainless Steel Functionally Graded Materials Prepared by Laser Additive Manufacturing

Qu,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Microstructure analysis of martensite stainless steel by directed energy deposition and uniform high hardness

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

The Influence of Intralayer Porosity and Phase Transition on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Obtained by Direct Energy Deposition Process

The Influence of Intralayer Porosity and Phase Transition on Corrosion Fatigue of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel Obtained by Direct Energy Deposition Process

Mechanical-metallurgical-corrosion behavior of Cr-Si-S-C ferritic/ferromagnetic stainless steel, known as AISI 430F, before and after isothermal recrystallization annealing

Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Surface Integrity of Austenitic-Martensitic Stainless Steel Functionally Graded Materials Prepared by Laser Additive Manufacturing

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