Microstructural white matter alterations in borderline personality disorder: A minireview

Grottaroli, Marika; Delvecchio, Giuseppe; Bressi, C.; Moltrasio, Chiara; Soares, Jair C.; Brambilla, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.033

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Other studies have noted changes in water diffusion in white matter structures, which may indicate microstructure disorders within the corona radiata, fornix, or thalamic radiations. These deviations may be related to the psychopathology of this disorder, impairment of impulse or emotion control, auto-aggressive behavior, and emotional instability [ 86 ]. The lower AD, compared to controls, found in the cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus may suggest that the underlying cause of this disorder is white matter pathology [ 87 ].…”

Section: White Matter Structure Abnormalities In Selected Anxiety Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in psychiatry: a narrative review of its potential role in diagnosis

et al. 2020

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an imaging technique that uses magnetic resonance. It measures the diffusion of water molecules in tissues, which can occur either without restriction (i.e., in an isotropic manner) or limited by some obstacles, such as cell membranes (i.e., in an anisotropic manner). Diffusion is most often measured in terms of, inter alia, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD). DTI allows us to reconstruct, visualize, and evaluate certain qualities of white matter. To date, many studies have sought to associate various changes in the distribution of diffusion within the brain with mental diseases and disorders. A better understanding of white matter integrity disorders can help us recognize the causes of diseases, as well as help create objective methods of psychiatric diagnosis, identify biomarkers of mental illness, and improve pharmacotherapy. The aim of this work is to present the characteristics of DTI as well as current research on its use in schizophrenia, affective disorders, and other mental disorders.

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Section: White Matter Structure Abnormalities In Selected Anxiety Dismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes diffusion parameters in the brain in borderline and antisocial personality disorders[83,[85][86][87]89] …”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in psychiatry: a narrative review of its potential role in diagnosis

et al. 2020

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“…In contrast to other personality dimensions, such as the borderline personality disorder phenotype, which includes neurocognitively relevant aspects of impulsivity (overlapping with attention-deficit disorders) and behavioural dysregulation ( Sebastian et al, 2014 ) as well as neurobiologically established alterations ( Davies et al, 2020 ; Grottaroli et al, 2020 ), there is no clearly delineated neural model for narcissism. While some studies have pointed to anterior insula grey matter reduction in NaPD ( Schulze et al, 2013 ), some minor reductions also seem to be present in medial or lateral prefrontal areas ( Schulze et al, 2013 ; Nenadic et al, 2015a ), which are relevant for executive functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narcissistic Traits and Executive Functions

Nenadić

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Several personality disorders have been associated with cognitive impairment, including executive functions like working memory. Yet, it is unclear whether subclinical expression in non-clinical persons is associated with cognitive functioning. Recent studies indicate that non-clinical subjects might, in fact, perform better with increasing moderate to mild expressions of narcissistic features. We tested working memory performance in a cohort of n=70 psychiatrically and neurologically healthy subjects using Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS/WIE) subtests Arithmetic, Digit Span and Letter-Number Sequencing, and assessed narcissistic features using three different inventories: the widely used Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), as well as two clinically used measures of narcissistic traits and states, respectively, derived from schema-focused therapy, i.e., the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ) entitlement/grandiosity subscale and the Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) self-aggrandizer subscale. In accordance with our hypothesis, we found nominally significant positive correlations of WIE Arithmetic performance with NPI total score (Spearman’s rho=0.208; p=0.043) and SMI self-aggrandizer scale (Spearman’s rho=0.231; p=0.027), but findings did not survive false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment for multiple comparisons (pFDR=0.189 and pFDR=0.243, respectively). While our findings add to recent studies on cognitive performance in subclinical narcissism, they fail to demonstrate an association of cognitive performance with narcissistic traits across multiple working memory tests, indicating the need for additional study, including complementary executive functions in larger cohorts and ranges of phenotype expression.

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“…Znaczenie ma także niski poziom wychowania rodzicielskiego, awersyjne zachowania rodzicielskie oraz bycie świadkiem przemocy domowej wobec partnera [24,25]. Kolejnym interesującym aspektem są zmiany w obrębie ośrodkowego układu nerwowego, obserwowane u pacjentów z rozpoznanym BPD, takie jak obustronna utrata istoty szarej kory oczodołowo-czołowej, czy zmiany w neuronalnych połączeniach przedczołowolimbicznych, które zaburzają modulację struktur układu limbicznego przez regiony kory czołowej [26][27][28].…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

“…Besides, low upbringing level, aversive parental behaviours, or being a witness of home abuse against a partner, are of high importance [24,25]. Another interesting aspect is the presence of changes that occur within the central nervous system that is observed in patients with diagnosed BPD and those include the bilateral loss of the grey matter of the orbitofrontal cortex or the alterations within the neuronal prefrontal-limbic connections that disrupt the modulations in the structures of the limbic system through the frontal cortex [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to understand and help a person with borderline personality. Case report and literature review on the therapeutic possibilities

Sitarz

Dudek

Karakuła

et al. 2020

Current Problems of Psychiatry

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Introduction: The study aims to present 1) a case report of an 18-year-old female patient with borderline personality disorder (BPD) 2) the diagnostic and treatment difficulties in BPD patients.Materials and methods: The review of the literature from the years 1953-2020 searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases.Discussion: Patient, 18-years old, hospitalized five times for psychiatric care, presenting self-injurious behaviours, hurting herself within forearms. A patient attempted suicide eight times. She is living with her divorced parents. The patient’s father has a new partner with whom he has children. The patient used marijuana and she was experiencing psychotic symptoms under its influence. She smokes 10 cigarettes per day and drinks alcohol once a week since she was 16 years old. Psychiatric problems appeared when the patient started learning in high school.Conclusions:1. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious psychiatric condition of a difficult diagnosis that should be differentiated with many other psychiatric disorders such as an atypical or subclinical course of psychosis, affective disorders, or dissocial personality.2. A therapeutic process of a person with BPD is based on psychotherapy and personalized treatment strategies, whereas, pharmacological treatment plays only a supporting role during BPD treatment.

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Microstructural white matter alterations in borderline personality disorder: A minireview

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in psychiatry: a narrative review of its potential role in diagnosis

Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in psychiatry: a narrative review of its potential role in diagnosis

Narcissistic Traits and Executive Functions

How to understand and help a person with borderline personality. Case report and literature review on the therapeutic possibilities

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