Microstructural modifications of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics due to bipolar electric fatigue

Nuffer, Jürgen; Lupascu, Doru C.; Glazounov, A. E.; Kleebe, Hans‐Joachim; Rödel, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/s0955-2219(02)00017-1

Cited by 94 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…On the other hand, the term ageing normally refers to a timedependent decay of the dielectric and piezoelectric properties in the absence of any external stimulus. 4 Several different mechanisms have been identified as the origin of fatigue in ferroelectrics; these include microcrack growth and coalescence due to internal residual stresses, 5,6 space charge formation, 2 and point defect clustering. [7][8][9] The development of fatigue depends on a variety of factors such as the nature of the load (electrical, mechanical), 9,10 type of waveform (unipolar, bipolar, sesquipolar), 11,12 frequency, 13 the chemical composition and structure/microstructure of the material, 14 and other environmental factors such as temperature.…”

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confidence: 99%

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Hall

Mori

Comyn

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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High energy synchrotron XRD was employed to determine the lattice strain e{111} and diffraction peak intensity ratio R{200} in tetragonal PZT ceramics, both in the virgin poled state and after a bipolar fatigue experiment. It was shown that the occurrence of microstructural damage during fatigue was accompanied by a reduction in the gradient of the e{111}-cos 2 w plot, indicating a reduction in the level of residual stress due to poling. In contrast, the fraction of oriented 90 ferroelectric domains, quantified in terms of R{200}, was not affected significantly by fatigue. The change in residual stress due to fatigue is interpreted in terms of a change in the average elastic stiffness of the polycrystalline matrix due to the presence of inter-granular microcracks.

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confidence: 99%

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Hall

Mori

Comyn

et al. 2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…24 The field induced strains can be accommodated in microcracks. 25,26 Moreover, it has been reported that both the dielectric and mechanical properties are deteriorated by microcracks. 27,28 In our present model, we have not considered the presence of a space charge for simplicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of electromechanical responses of ferroelectric ceramics driven by combined alternating electrical and mechanical loadings

Chung

Chow

2007

Journal of Applied Physics

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The experimental result on dielectric and mechanical properties of PbZr x Ti 1−x O 3 driven by combined alternating electrical and mechanical loadings in various phase differences has been obtained by Zhou et al. ͓J. Appl. Phys. 96, 6634 ͑2004͔͒. This paper presents the numerical simulation of this result using a two-dimensional four state Potts model. In this model, there are four different dipole orientations to reflect the coexistence of 90°and 180°domain walls. The coupling between the electrical and mechanical responses is implemented by the presence of two different ferroelastic strain states which are associated to the four different dipole orientations. The interactions of these dipoles and strains together with the mechanical energy density are incorporated into the system Hamiltonian. The enhanced and reduced electromechanical responses when the electric field and the compressive stress are out of phase and in phase, respectively, are reproduced by our model.

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“…For example, the occurrence of stage III in Fig. 24(b) should be related to other electric fatigue mechanisms, such as nonswitchable interfacial layer close to the electrodes, 89,91,92 pinning of domain walls with point defects and space charge, 27,32,93 to name a few.…”

Section: Pmn-pt Single Crystal With a Predominantly R Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 It was reported that under cyclic electric field, cracks were found to initiate near the electrode edges and to propagate toward the interior of the ferroelectric material. [30][31][32][33] Regarding a pre-existing crack, Cao and Evans 34 reported that in (PbLa)(ZrTi)O 3 ceramics with La/Zr/Ti ratio of 8/65/ 35 and Pb(ZrTi)O 3 ceramics comprised a Zr/Ti ratio of 58/42 with some soft additives, under an applied field less than that of 90% of the coercive field (E c Þ, only a tiny amount of fatigue crack growth, about 50 m, occurred; and the crack arrested regardless of the further field cycling. When the applied field was larger than 110% of the coercive field, the crack would grow in each loading cycle, and reach a steady state independent of the crack length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the absence of pre-existing crack, Nuffer et al 32 reported that for PZT ceramics, no fatigue cracking occurred when electrically cycling at a field below or equal to the coercive fields; while cycling at 1.4E c , edge cracks which started at the electrode/ceramics boundary and propagate toward the inside of the ferroelectric ceramics appeared at cycle numbers greater than 2:5 Â 10 5 . Severe delamination cracks were found when cycling at 1.96E c which appeared underneath the electrodes and propagated predominantly parallel to the electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase fragility and mechatronic reliability for Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ ferroelectric single crystals — A review

Fang

Yang

2014

J. Adv. Dielect.

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Single crystals of (1 À x)Pb(Mg 1=3 Nb 2=3 ÞO 3 -xPbTiO 3 (PMN-xPT) near their morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) are under extensive investigations for their extraordinary high dielectric and piezoelectric behavior. Applications of those single crystals facilitated the breakthrough in ultrasonic transducer materials and devices. Ferroelectric materials are known to be fragile which often leads to various reliability failures in applications involving electric loadings. In a mechanical sense, the failure modes concern the fracture under an intensive electric field, and the fatigue crack propagation under an alternating electric field. In an electrical sense, the failure is exhibited by degenerated hysteresis loop by shrinking the remnant polarization and expanding the coercive field. All these modes degrade the performance for ferroelectric devices. As a departure from the tetragonal (TÞ ferroelectric materials, exemplified by BaTiO 3 and Pb(ZrTi)O 3 , the domain structures of PMN-PT around the MPB are versatile and intricate, depending sensitively on the composition variation, orientation and previous loading history. In this review, the attention is mainly focused on three aspects. First, the phase fragility and multiphase coexistence are presented for both [100]-and [101]-oriented PMN-PT single crystals. Second, investigations on electric field-induced fatigue crack propagation are described, along with the orientation effect on the crack propagation behavior. Third, the inverse effects of the phase transition and fatigue crack growth on the polarization behavior, or the interaction between the mechanical and electrical degradations will be elucidated. The review aims for better understanding the underlying mechanism for the ultrahigh performance of the PMN-PT single crystals, to bridge the studies of ferroelectric materials from the mechanical and electrical senses, as well as to evaluate the reliability of PMN-PT single crystals under device applications.

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Microstructural modifications of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics due to bipolar electric fatigue

Cited by 94 publications

References 44 publications

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Simulation of electromechanical responses of ferroelectric ceramics driven by combined alternating electrical and mechanical loadings

Phase fragility and mechatronic reliability for Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ ferroelectric single crystals — A review

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Microstructural modifications of ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate ceramics due to bipolar electric fatigue

Cited by 94 publications

References 44 publications

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Residual stress relief due to fatigue in tetragonal lead zirconate titanate ceramics

Simulation of electromechanical responses of ferroelectric ceramics driven by combined alternating electrical and mechanical loadings

Phase fragility and mechatronic reliability for Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–PbTiO3 ferroelectric single crystals — A review

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Product

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Phase fragility and mechatronic reliability for Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbTiO₃ ferroelectric single crystals — A review