Microstructural Evolution of HSLA ISO 3183 X80M (API 5L X80) Friction Stir Welded Joints

Hermenegildo, Tahiana Francisca da Conceição; Santos, Tiago Felipe de Abreu; Ea, Torres; Afonso, Conrado Ramos Moreira; Ramírez, Antonio J.

doi:10.1007/s12540-018-0111-x

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the FSW setup and coordinates schematically. These processing conditions have presented the best results in previous studies [15,16,19,20] The welding process is not symmetrical concerning the line or plane that defines it due to the rotation movement and the material flow around the tool. In this way, the feed advancing side (AS) is defined, with the highest relative speed of the tool, in which the direction of rotation of the tool is the same as that of the welding, producing plastic deformation and more severe thermal exposure, and the withdrawal retreating side (RS) at which the tool rotation is opposite to its travel direction [21,22].…”

Section: Welding Parametersmentioning

confidence: 89%

Corrosion Behavior and Microstructural Characterization of Friction Stir Welded API X70 Steel

Giarola

Calderón-Hernández

Conde

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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Friction stir welding is an excellent alternative process used in pipelines circumferential welds due to fusion welding low corrosion resistance. This study describes the corrosion resistance as a function of the microstructural features resulting from an API X70 FSW weld joint. The microstructural features were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The corrosion analysis was conducted employing potentiodynamic polarization tests using an electrochemical microcell, which allowed to test small circular areas delimited by a 2mm in diameter O-ring gasket. The base metal and heataffected zone were the most susceptible region to corrosion due to the banded microstructures, and the re-stirred-zone and stir zone was the most resistant region to corrosion because of grain refinement.

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Section: Welding Parametersmentioning

confidence: 89%

Corrosion Behavior and Microstructural Characterization of Friction Stir Welded API X70 Steel

Giarola

Calderón-Hernández

Conde

et al. 2021

J. of Materi Eng and Perform

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“…Several joints were produced, with the sound and consolidated final FSW joints being used, as described previously [16]. For high-temperature materials, an untilted tool is normally used, because the main heat contribution is due to friction provided by the shoulder, although there is also a contribution of the pin, so increased contact of the shoulder (flat position or untilted) is often preferred [8,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Cui et al [8], among other studies, demonstrated that an untilted tool is preferable when convex shoulder tools are used.…”

Section: Welding Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Evaluation of Duplex and Superduplex Stainless Steel Friction Stir Welds Using Potentiodynamic Measurements and Immersion Tests in Chloride Environments

Cruz

Marques

Filho

et al. 2018

Metallogr. Microstruct. Anal.

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Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels submitted to friction stir welding show good mechanical properties, although there are concerns regarding their application in marine environments, related to their corrosion performance. Friction stir welds of UNS S32101, S32205, S32750, and S32760 steels were successfully produced at 200 rpm and 100 mm/min. The corrosion resistance of the FSW joint was evaluated by application of the ASTM A923 standard method, cyclic polarization measurements, and determination of weight loss during the FeCl 3 immersion test. The sodium hydroxide etch test was used to evaluate the presence of intermetallic phases. Cyclic polarization measurements of the S32205, S32750, and S32760 base metals showed good corrosion resistance, while poorer corrosion resistance was observed for S32101. Cyclic polarization tests at the friction stir welds indicated that for S32205 and S32750, the corrosion resistance was higher, compared to the respective base metals. The S32760 and S32101 welded joints showed lower noble potential and higher corrosion current density, compared to the base metals. NaOH etching indicated affected areas at the ferrite-ferrite grain boundaries for the S32760 FSW joint, which also showed a large loss of mass in ferric chloride solution, associated with the presence of deleterious intermetallic phases.

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“…Experimental and data acquisition were like those presented by HERMENEGILDO et al (2018) andSOUSA et al (2019). FSW was carried out following a set of parameters leading to a minor heat input of 1.69 kJ/mm (Joint #1), and greater heat input of 1.91 kJ/mm (Joint #2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Comparison of Different Numerical Approaches for FSW Welds of Api 5l - X80 Steel

2020

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This contribution offers a study for two numerical approaches of FSW joints for the API 5L-X80 steel. The first one, a pure thermal model, takes into consideration the preponderant frictional force of the tool being in contact with the workpiece. The second model is a computational fluid dynamic approach, which involves determining experimental values for physical constants and observing its influence in viscous dissipation and strain rates of the material. Temperature and thermal history from the FSW processing were recorded and analyzed. The acquired data was provided from two different heat input conditions. In cases of previewing tool or workpiece local temperature, the pure thermal model is a sufficient suitable approach. Conversely, the CFD model frequently requires huge amounts of information, regarding physical constants and experimental variables, becoming a delicate task for its construction. The pure thermal model was able to offer unequivocal temperature results without the need for large experimental data acquisition. This approach was considered to be finer employed when one aims to forecast temperatures in regions proximate to the welding line. The natural complexity associated with FSW processing suggests there are enormous quantities of experimental factors to be considered for the numerical modeling of high-temperature materials. Also, the CFD approach offers distinct results, which might be crucial for understanding the full aspects of experimental variables. A coupled numerical approach with both models is suggested to fully represent the thermophysical aspects of FSW processing.

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Microstructural Evolution of HSLA ISO 3183 X80M (API 5L X80) Friction Stir Welded Joints

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Corrosion Behavior and Microstructural Characterization of Friction Stir Welded API X70 Steel

Corrosion Behavior and Microstructural Characterization of Friction Stir Welded API X70 Steel

Corrosion Evaluation of Duplex and Superduplex Stainless Steel Friction Stir Welds Using Potentiodynamic Measurements and Immersion Tests in Chloride Environments

A Comparison of Different Numerical Approaches for FSW Welds of Api 5l - X80 Steel

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