Microstructural evolution of Cu-1at% Ti alloy aged in a hydrogen atmosphere and its relation with the electrical conductivity

Effects of in situ formation of TiB2 particles on age hardening behavior of Cu–1wt% Ti–1wt% TiB2

“…% Ti, capable of being a proper substitute for well-known alloys, such as Cu-Be alloys. Formation of ordered metastable ' (Cu 4 Ti) precipitates in Cu-Ti alloys during ageing increases their mechanical and electrical properties [1][2][3]. The mechanism of precipitation hardening in Cu-Ti binary alloys is a matter of much debate.…”

“…On the other hand, it has been reported [6] that by increasing Ti content the electrical conductivity of copper matrix decreases dramatically, as the negative effect of Ti on electrical properties of copper alloys is more than that of other common alloying elements such as Zn, Sn, Ni. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem, some efforts have been made for modifying the precipitation behavior of CuTi alloys via addition of other elements such as Co and Cr [7,8] or by aging in D 2 and H 2 atmosphere [1,9].…”

Aging of Copper-Titanium Dilute Alloys in Hydrogen Atmosphere: Influence of Prior-Deformation on Strength and Electrical Conductivity

“…The microstructural evolution of Cu-Ti dilute alloys solution-treated and then aged at 673 K and 773 K in a hydrogen atmosphere has already been investigated; 10,12,17) in the early stage of aging, spinodal decomposition progresses in the solid solution phase, followed by the precipitation and dispersion of Cu 4 Ti (MoNi 4 structure: space group I4=m, a ¼ 0:583 nm, c ¼ 0:362 nm). 4,5) In the subsequent stage, particles of TiH 2 (fcc: Fm 3 3m, a ¼ 0:444 nm 18) ), were also formed by the reaction of dissolved hydrogen atoms with Ti atoms in the matrix or in Cu 4 Ti precipitates.…”

Formation of Titanium Hydride in Dilute Cu–Ti Alloy by Aging in Hydrogen Atmosphere and Its Effects on Electrical and Mechanical Properties

“…While these alloys are attractive in that their mechanical strength is comparable to that of CuBe alloys, their electrical conductivity is inferior to that of the CuBe alloys. 13) Recently, however, it was found that the electrical conductivity of age-hardenable CuTi alloys could be significantly improved by aging the alloys at 600 to 800 K in a hydrogen atmosphere. 4,5) This has encouraged research and development of high-strength and high-conductivity CuTi alloys for practical applications.…”

“…Precipitation of Cu 4 Ti by conventional vacuum-aging and their effects on material properties have already been studied extensively. 13) In the recent studies of aging in a hydrogen atmosphere, 48,13) both Cu 4 Ti and titanium hydride phases are formed in alloys containing 1 to 6 mol% Ti, where it was difficult to evaluated contributions of each phase. In this study, in order to provide a basis for understanding, influences of co-precipitation of titanium hydride and its effects on the electrical and mechanical properties have been investigated.…”