Microstructural evolution in bone china

Iqbal, Yaseen; Messer, P. F.; Lee, W.E.

doi:10.1179/096797800680938

Cited by 36 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The linear expansion coefficient calculated for the temperature range of 24°C-400 °C resulted in: 9.7 × 10 -6 K -1 ; 9.0 × 10 -6 K -1 ; for the feldspar and spodumene bodies, respectively. These values are close to the theoretical value (~8.4 × 10 -6 K -1 ) calculated by the "rule of mixtures" of the constituent phases, considering 40% β-tricalcium phosphate, 30% anorthite, and 30% glass phase 15 . The small difference between theoretical and measured values was expected due to the presence of quartz in some raw materials, and/ or variations in phase quantities.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The level of P 2 O 5 , which may be considered a flux according to previous studies, as proposed in Cooper 10 and Iqbal et al 8,15 , is identical in the both formulations. It can also be considered identical the amount of tricalcium phosphate formed.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Alkali feldspars which have higher levels of albite (NaAlSi 3 O 8 ) showed vitrification between 1220 °C-1240 °C, in another studies 5,8 . By using conventional flux as alkali feldspar (richer in sodium than the feldspar used in this work) and/or nepheline syenite, it was showed similar firing ranges and in some cases, lower ones 5,14,15 . It must be noted that these are short intervals for firing, compared with other porcelains, such as hard porcelain 14 .…”

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fractured microstructure is observed for both bodies. This occurs as a consequence of the stress generated due to the difference in thermal expansion between the matrix and the clusters of grains of β-tricalcium phosphate 15 . The differences in grain size, amount of crystalline phase and porosity also explains the difference in the properties of the bodies.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of spodumene-bearing rock as a flux for bone china production

Carús

Bragança

2013

Mat. Res.

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The use of a waste from mineral processing, a spodumene-bearing rock, was investigated as a flux for bone china composition, partially replacing feldspar. The effect of lithium oxide in bone china body was favorable for reducing firing temperature. The presence of Li 2 O reacting with other oxides and silicates formed a liquid phase of lower viscosity, which was favorable for densification through viscous flow sintering, and to a higher mechanical strength. It was obtained a large plateau for firing, without deformation on firing (pyroplastic deformation) of parts; which is not an easy task to be achieved in bone china processing. Rheological and casting properties were also investigated. Microstructures of the fired bodies were discussed. They correlated well with the final properties of the parts.

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Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Firing Behavior Mechanical Strength Deformatmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Investigation of spodumene-bearing rock as a flux for bone china production

Carús

Bragança

2013

Mat. Res.

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“…The reactions of bone ash in porcelain body were studied in detail in Refs. [12,13]. Bone ash-luxing agent for bone porcelains (bone china)-is usually produced by the calcination of bovine bones at the temperature of 1100°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering of Whiteware Body Depending on Different Fluxing Agents and Binders

Sokolar¹

2018

Sintering of Functional Materials

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The sintering of whiteware (porcelain) body can be afected by using luxing agents or binders. The chapter describes the sintering process of porcelain body in case of different luxing agent (diferent feldspar rocks, bone ash, zeolite) and binder (kaolin vs. calcium aluminate cement) utilization in the porcelain raw material mixture. Sintering process is presented according to thermodilatometrical curves and sintering temperatures especially.

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Microstructures of phosphatic porcelain from sintering to vitrification: Evidence from sherds excavated in Charleston, South Carolina

Owen

Hunter²,

Jellicoe

et al. 2011

Geoarchaeology

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Eight phosphatic porcelain sherds recovered from various historical sites in Charleston were analyzed by electron microprobe. Some sherds contain sulfur (2.3-3.1 wt.% SO 3 ); others contain only traces of this component. The analytical data suggest that the sulfurous sherds are Bow porcelain (London, Bowcock period, ca. 1755-1769). The origin(s) of the low-S samples remains unidentified; one compositionally resembles "gold-anchor period" (phosphatic) Chelsea porcelain (London, ca. 1756-1769) but its decoration is inconsistent with known wares produced by this factory during that era. The degree of vitrification is highly variable, particularly among the SO 3 -poor samples. The melt phase is strongly enriched in incompatible elements (Ti, Fe, Na, K). The phosphate phase [calcined bone ash (hydroxyapatite)] in poorly vitrified samples hosts minute melt blebs, but remains porous. With increasing vitrification, these melt blebs increase in size and begin to coalesce, ultimately forming ameboid patches up to ~10 mm in diameter. In the most vitrified samples, the coalesced melt "leaks" into the matrix, leaving behind a phosphate phase that lacks pores and melt and has a lower CaO/P 2 O 5 ratio (ϭ2.7, molecular proportions) than either hydroxyapatite (3.3) or b-whitlockite (3.0). The two varieties of phosphate occur in some poorly vitrified samples, suggesting the recycling of highfired wasters (as "grog") in their ceramic pastes. Melt compositions vary with contiguous mineralogy, accounting for their divergence from the ternary eutectic in the Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 -CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 -SiO 2 system. The resorption of phosphate by the matrix melt virtually precludes recognition of anorthite formed by the "non-phosphate glass equation."

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Microstructural evolution in bone china

Abstract: b-TCP, anorthite, and a-quartz (SiO 2) in a calcium aluminosilicate glassy matrix.5,12,13 Iqbal et al.5 used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TEM to show that commercial bone china microstructures consist of lath-like

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Investigation of spodumene-bearing rock as a flux for bone china production

Investigation of spodumene-bearing rock as a flux for bone china production

Sintering of Whiteware Body Depending on Different Fluxing Agents and Binders

Microstructures of phosphatic porcelain from sintering to vitrification: Evidence from sherds excavated in Charleston, South Carolina

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