Microstructural Evolution and Phase Formation in 2nd-Generation Refractory-Based High Entropy Alloys

Эшед, Э.; Larianovsky, Natalya; Kovalevsky, A. A.; Popov, V. V.; Горбачев, И. И.; Katz‐Demyanetz, Alexander

doi:10.3390/ma11020175

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although this substitution is useful for achieving the mentioned aims, it may result in a poor mixing of the raw constituents, which causes low homogeneity of the finally obtained material. Furthermore, since the conventional way of producing HEAs is vacuum arc melting [ 248 , 249 , 250 , 251 ], the main problem arises due to the difference in melting points and vapor pressures of the alloying elements at high temperatures. Additionally, oxidation resistance of the alloying refractory elements requires an extremely high operating vacuum, at which low-melting constituents usually evaporate.…”

Section: Modern and Future Trends In Additive Manufacturing Of Crmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Using Critical Raw Materials: A Review

et al. 2021

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The term “critical raw materials” (CRMs) refers to various metals and nonmetals that are crucial to Europe’s economic progress. Modern technologies enabling effective use and recyclability of CRMs are in critical demand for the EU industries. The use of CRMs, especially in the fields of biomedicine, aerospace, electric vehicles, and energy applications, is almost irreplaceable. Additive manufacturing (also referred to as 3D printing) is one of the key enabling technologies in the field of manufacturing which underpins the Fourth Industrial Revolution. 3D printing not only suppresses waste but also provides an efficient buy-to-fly ratio and possesses the potential to entirely change supply and distribution chains, significantly reducing costs and revolutionizing all logistics. This review provides comprehensive new insights into CRM-containing materials processed by modern additive manufacturing techniques and outlines the potential for increasing the efficiency of CRMs utilization and reducing the dependence on CRMs through wider industrial incorporation of AM and specifics of powder bed AM methods making them prime candidates for such developments.

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Section: Modern and Future Trends In Additive Manufacturing Of Crmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Using Critical Raw Materials: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…The second family is also big and represents refractory CCAs [ 27 ]. The systems of the second CCA family use chromium, hafnium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, zirconium, and aluminum.…”

Section: Complex Concentrated Alloy Families and Research Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Concentrated Alloys for Substitution of Critical Raw Materials in Applications for Extreme Conditions

Mitrică¹,

Badea²,

Serban³

et al. 2021

Materials

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The paper is proposing a mini-review on the capability of the new complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) to substitute or reduce the use of critical raw materials in applications for extreme conditions. Aspects regarding the regulations and expectations formulated by the European Union in the most recent reports on the critical raw materials were presented concisely. A general evaluation was performed on the CCAs concept and the research directions. The advantages of using critical metals for particular applications were presented to acknowledge the difficulty in the substitution of such elements with other materials. In order to establish the level of involvement of CCAs in the reduction of critical metal in extreme environment applications, a presentation was made of the previous achievements in the field and the potential for the reduction of critical metal content through the use of multi-component compositions.

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“…The current processing of synthesizing HEAs is a vacuum arc melting [103][104][105][106][107]. Throughout applying this method, a vacuum atmosphere is used while heating the alloying materials up to a temperature higher permitting their complete melting.…”

Section: High Entropy Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powder-bed additive manufacturing for aerospace application: Techniques, metallic and metal/ceramic composite materials and trends

et al. 2019

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The current paper is devoted to classification of powder-bed additive manufacturing (PB-AM) techniques and description of specific features, advantages and limitation of different PB-AM techniques in aerospace applications. The common principle of “powder-bed” means that the used feedstock material is a powder, which forms “bed-like” platform of homogeneous layer that is fused according to cross-section of the manufactured object. After that, a new powder layer is distributed with the same thickness and the “printing” process continues. This approach is used in selective laser sintering/melting process, electron beam melting, and binder jetting printing. Additionally, relevant issues related to powder raw materials (metals, ceramics, multi-material composites, etc.) and their impact on the properties of as-manufactured components are discussed. Special attention is paid to discussion on additive manufacturing (AM) of aerospace critical parts made of Titanium alloys, Nickel-based superalloys, metal matrix composites (MMCs), ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and high entropy alloys. Additional discussion is related to the quality control of the PB-AM materials, and to the prospects of new approaches in material development for PB-AM aiming at aerospace applications.

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Microstructural Evolution and Phase Formation in 2nd-Generation Refractory-Based High Entropy Alloys

Cited by 26 publications

References 22 publications

Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Using Critical Raw Materials: A Review

Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing Using Critical Raw Materials: A Review

Complex Concentrated Alloys for Substitution of Critical Raw Materials in Applications for Extreme Conditions

Powder-bed additive manufacturing for aerospace application: Techniques, metallic and metal/ceramic composite materials and trends

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