Microstructural and chemical properties of gari and eba: Food products from cassava (Manihot esculenta Cranz)

Abstract

The microstructure, elemental distribution and rheological behavior of two varieties of gari and their doughs (eba) were investigated. SEM analysis revealed a concave structure with fibre-strands, which were altered after processing to eba. Gari nanostructures which were analyzed with TEM were not affected when processed to eba. SEM-EDX microanalysis revealed the presence of magnesium, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, and cobalt for both varieties, which were altered after processing. Rheological analysis revealed increases in storage modulus, with concomitant loss factor for both varieties. Their viscosity decreased with increasing shear rate. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of sugar, fatty acids, and steroids in both varieties, which were also affected after processing. Both varieties showed significant free radical scavenging activity which was not affected after processing. These results indicate that the conclave microstructure, elements and phytochemicals of both gari varieties are altered after processing to eba, with their nanostructure and antioxidant activity unaltered.

Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa

“…The concentration of PTEs in the samples ranged from ND to 0.07 mg/g for Cr and Mn, 0.73 to 5.63 mg/g for Fe, ND to 0.57mg/g for Co, 0.23 to 1.21 mg/g for Ni, 0.15 to 1.53 mg/g for Cu, and 0.12 to 0.63 mg/g for Zn. These concentrations were high when compared to other studies on garri in West Africa [7,8,11] but comparable with the recent study of Erukainure [42]. The high concentrations recorded in this study was attributed to the methodology.…”

“…The high concentrations recorded in this study was attributed to the methodology. Previous studies have relied on the use of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer while we used X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique similarly to the technique adopted by [42].…”

“…This suggests that the community under research is not at danger for any health effects from the examined heavy metals in the garri. Magnesium, potassium, calcium, manganese, iron, and cobalt were found in white and yellow garri that were processed in the Ijebu region of Nigeria, according to Erukainure [42]. However, studies of global implications are required to properly evaluate the levels and risks of consuming PTEs from garri consumption.…”

In Silico Screening of Active Compounds in Garri for the Inhibition of Key Enzymes Linked to Diabetes Mellitus

“…Ligands. The ligands selected for the inhibition docking have been detected in the GCMS analysis of Garri samples 23 and are tabulated in Table 2. To acquire garri, cassava is peeled and grated in a locally constructed motorized cassava grating equipment, then fermented for 48 h before dewatering using a manual screw press.…”

“…Our current work is based on the evaluation of the active compounds reported in both yellow and white garri (and eba) by ref . This group of investigators identified 16 active compounds by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy in garri including levulinic acid, isoguanosine, 4-methyldec-1-ene, 2-ethyl-2-hexen-1-ol, 2,6,10,14-tetramethylheptadecane, 2,8-dimethylundecane, cochlioquinone B, (20E)-6-hydroxycholesta-9(11),20(22)-diene-3,23-dione, 2-methyl-6-hepten-3-ol, 25-dedhydrotigogenin, palmitic acid, pentadecanoic acid, d -mannitol, arachidic acid, stearic acid and pseduosarsasapogenin-5,20-dien.…”