Microstructural Analysis and Corrosion Behavior of a Titanium Cenosphere Composite Foam Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy Route

Abstract

This study examines the influence of cenosphere particle size and sintering parameters on the microstructure and electrochemical behavior of Ti-cenosphere composite foam fabricated by powder metallurgy route. Cenosphere has been added as a space holder material to develop Ti composite foam because of its abundant availability and low cost. Ti (particle size between 250 μm and 350 μm) and cenosphere (with a varying particle size of < 150 μm, 150 μm-200 μm and > 200 μm) in the ratio of 75 : 25 (wt %) were compacted using 100 MPa of applied pressure and sintering temperatures of 1000 and 1200 °C with sintering time ranging from 2 to 6 h at a heating rate of 25 °C/ min. A defect-free microstructure with the uniform dispersion of cenosphere particles in the Ti matrix was observed with the cenosphere particles in the size range of 150-212 μm at a sintering temperature of 1000 °C for 4 h. The porosity content in the syntactic foam varied from 34 to 50 % and decreased with increasing sintering time and temperature. Based on a detailed study of corrosion behavior in Hank's solution, the composite foam with cenosphere particles in the size range of 150-212 μm and sintered at 1000 °C for 4 h showed the highest corrosion resistance.

Optimizing Water Disinfection: A CFD Study on Microorganisms Collision against a Triply Periodic Minimal Surface

“…Zhao (2020) 13 investigated the practicality of micro-structured metal foams, originally used in car batteries, as a disinfection infill for wastewater treatment, as a process intensification (PI) approach and found good results. However, some limitations were observed when adopting these: powder metallurgy techniques have shown great advances 14 some which come with a natural increase in costsrecently, however, it is not unusual to observe a limited control over their exhibited morphology and inevitable processrelated defects [15][16][17] , and in that specific case, access to or purchase of, as they were originally used in car batteries.…”