Microstructural Alterations of Silicone Catheters in an Animal Experiment: Histopathology and SEM Findings

Eymann, Regina; Kim, Yoo-Jin; Bohle, Rainer M.; Antes, Sebastian; Schmitt, Mélanie; Menger, Michael D.; Kiefer, M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0923-6_18

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…6,7 Failure of silicone is associated with pathogen colonization and biofilm formation. For instance, the biofilm covering the surface of silicone voice prosthesis is colonized with mixed colonies in 86.6% of cases, comprised mainly of bacteria and yeasts, such as Streptococcus sp., Staphylococci, Candida albicans, and Candida tropicalis.…”

Section: Clinical Perspective On P 286mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron microscopy analysis has revealed degradation of silicone that leads to voice prosthesis deformation and dysfunction because of filamentous and vegetative yeast cell invasion. 7 Eymann et al 6 indicated that hydrocephalus silicone shunt catheters cannot be termed inert or biotolerated and instead should be regarded as bio-active implants. Insertion of a foreign body, for example, an endocardial lead initiates a complicated immunologic response.…”

Section: Clinical Perspective On P 286mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of the Outer Silicone Insulation of Endocardial Leads

Kołodzińska

Kutarski

Kozłowska

et al. 2013

Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology

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Background-Silicone catheter insulation, larynx prostheses undergo biodegradation. The aims of the study were to verify the conviction that outer silicone lead insulation is biostable and inert in addition to determining the role of macrophages (M) and Staphylococcus aureus (S aureus) strains in the silicone lead insulation degradation. Methods and Results-Leads removed from 8 patients because of infective and noninfective indications were analyzed with stereomicroscope and classified according to Banacha abrasion classification, and additional analysis using scanning electron microscope was performed. The examination revealed excavations of different shape and depth in the abraded areas. Fresh silicone-insulated lead was cut into fragments. The fragments were cultured with RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line for 9 weeks. Additional lead fragments were placed with S aureus strains: ATCC 25923, ATCC 29213, and K9328H. Lead fragments were also cocultured with the bacterial strains and RAW M. In scanning electron microscope analysis, diminution in silicone was observed. All S aureus strains provoked insulation damage after 9 weeks. The lowest level of degradation of insulation concerned ATCC 25923. Silicone lead fragments in cocultures presented a further gone level of silicone biodegradation. Conclusions-S aureus, macrophages separately, and S aureus and macrophages cocultures initiate the biodegradation of silicone insulation. Differences in the level of biodegradation between strains of S aureus were observed, with the most aggressive reaction toward silicone visible in the cocultures. In vivo silicone biodegradation is initiated by tearing among surfaces of the lead insulation, macrophages may be the crucial cells for the process that may be aggravated by pathogen colonization. (Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013;6:279-286.)Key Words: cardiovasular implantable electronic device infection ◼ endocardial lead abrasion ◼ endocardial lead damage ◼ infective endocarditis ◼ silicone biodegradation

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Section: Clinical Perspective On P 286mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Clinical Perspective On P 286mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of the Outer Silicone Insulation of Endocardial Leads

Kołodzińska

Kutarski

Kozłowska

et al. 2013

Circ: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology

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“…Various studies have shown that with the activation of the immune system, the antipolymer assay IgG increases protein accumulation on the catheter surface, resulting in chronic inflammation, fibrosis around the catheter, calcification and adhesion formation [9,10,11]. This response should be considered in the development of sterile shunt malfunctions and as a cause of shunt revisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Elapsed Time following the Placement of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Catheter an Individual Risk Factor for Shunt Fractures?

Kaplan¹,

Çakın²,

Özdemir

et al. 2012

Pediatr Neurosurg

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In this study, we examined whether the resistance of peritoneal catheters against the retraction force changed over time following shunt placement, and the role of this resistance in shunt fracture is discussed. We investigated peritoneal catheters removed from patients treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt because of hydrocephalus; previously, patients underwent shunt revision. The maximum tension, maximum elongation and elongation percentages of the peritoneal catheters were measured. The mean and maximum tension values of the revised peritoneal catheters were increased compared to the unused catheters. The maximum elongation and elongation rates were significantly decreased. The changes in the maximum elongation, elongation rate and tension values were unrelated to the time elapsed after catheter insertion. This finding indicates that the time elapsed following peritoneal catheter placement was not an individual factor based on the strength of the response of the organism to the foreign body and the mechanical trauma exposed in shunt fractures.

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“…Patients treated with VPS, catheter-induced complications account for up to 70% of all hardware failures. [1] Allergy or hypersensitivity to latex or silicone is now emerging. [2] Extrusion of the peritoneal end of the shunt through intact skin over the abdominal end is extremely rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aspergillus growth within ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube

et al. 2017

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Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt failure is commonly associated with infection or mechanical obstruction of the shunt system. A 4-year-old male child who had undergone multiple shunt revisions at another hospital for congenital hydrocephalus and later for shunt obstruction, presented with exposed shunt at the supraclavicular region. Shunt revision was performed. The CSF culture showed no growth; however, the histopathological examination of shunt tube showed Aspergillus growth inside the lumen of silicone tube well away from the tip of ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The skin biopsy from the exposed site revealed foreign body giant cell granulomatous reaction. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 6 without any complications. At 3 months follow-up, the patient is doing well. A growth of Aspergillus within the shunt tube prompted us to think of how the hardware can get infected and may remain a source of constant infection.

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Microstructural Alterations of Silicone Catheters in an Animal Experiment: Histopathology and SEM Findings

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Biodegradation of the Outer Silicone Insulation of Endocardial Leads

Biodegradation of the Outer Silicone Insulation of Endocardial Leads

Is the Elapsed Time following the Placement of a Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Catheter an Individual Risk Factor for Shunt Fractures?

Aspergillus growth within ventriculoperitoneal shunt tube

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