Microstructural abnormalities found in uncinate fasciculus and superior cerebellar tracts in children with global developmental delay: a feasibility study

Ramli, Norlisah; Yap, A. U. J.; Muridan, Roziah; Seow, Pohchoo; Rahmat, Kartini; Fong, Choong Yi; Tan, Li Kuo; Ong, Lai Choo

doi:10.1016/j.crad.2019.09.134

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…There is a study that has shown that GDD is associated with genetic defects (2), and Li et al show the subtle structural changes of each brain area in children with GDD by the change of ADC value (3) to indirectly understand the location and degree of brain injury in children. In a functional imaging study, the UF and SCP WMT showed microstructural changes suggestive of compromised white matter maturation in children with GDD (4). Current international scientific research and clinical evaluation of GDD is mostly based on the Gesell development diagnosis scale, which evaluates the development in five aspects, such as gross movement, fine movement, speech, human ability, and response-ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A structural MRI study of global developmental delay in infants (<2 years old)

Sun¹,

Xiao

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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ObjectiveTo use structural magnetic resonance imaging (3D-MRI) to evaluate the abnormal development of the cerebral cortex in infants with global developmental delay (GDD).MethodsThe GDD group includes 67 infants aged between 112 and 699 days with global developmental delay and who underwent T1-weighted MRI scans in Shanxi Children's Hospital from December 2019 to March 2022. The healthy control (HC) group includes 135 normal developing infants aged between 88 and 725 days in Shanxi Children's Hospital from September 2020 to August 2021. Whole-brain T1-weighted MRI scans were carried out with a 3.0-T magnetic resonance scanner, which was later processed using InfantSurfer to perform MR image processing and cortical surface reconstruction. Two morphological features of the cortical surface of the 68 brain regions were computed, i.e., the cortical thickness (CT) and cortical surface area (SA), and compared between the GDD and HC groups.ResultsWith regard to the CT, the HC group showed a rapid decrease at first and then a slow increase after birth, and the CT of the GDD group decreased slowly and then became relatively stable. The GDD group showed bilaterally higher hemispherical average CT than those in the HC group. In detail, for the left hemisphere, except in the entorhinal and temporal poles in which the average CT values of the two brain regions were lower than those of the HC group, the CT of the 26 brain regions in the GDD group was higher than those of the HC group (p < 0.05). For the right hemisphere, the CT of the entorhinal in the GDD group was lower than that in the HC group. Otherwise, the CT of the remaining 28 brain regions was higher than those in the HC group (p < 0.05). With regard to the SA, both groups showed a rapid increase after birth till 23 months and remained quite stable afterward. The GDD group shows lower SA bilaterally than that in the HC group. In detail, SA in the GDD group was lower in most cortical regions of both hemispheres than in the HC group (p < 0.05), except for the right temporal pole and entorhinal. When testing for brain asymmetry, we found that the HC group showed obvious asymmetry of CT and SA, while only a few cortical regions in the GDD group showed asymmetry.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A structural MRI study of global developmental delay in infants (<2 years old)

Sun¹,

Xiao

et al. 2022

Front. Neurol.

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Aberrant Structural and Functional Developmental Trajectories in Children With Intellectual Disability

Tan

Jiang

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Intellectual disability (ID) is associated with aberrant structural and functional development of the brain, yet how the dynamical developmental changes of the structure and function of ID from childhood to around puberty remains unknown. To explore the abnormal developmental trajectories of structure and function, 40 children with ID aged 6–13 years and 30 sex-, age-, and educational level-matched healthy controls (HC) with age range from 6 to 13 were recruited. The automatic voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (FC) analyses were adopted to delineate the structural and functional differences. Significantly decreased total gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV) in children with ID were found, and the developmental trajectories of GMV and WMV in children with ID showed an opposite direction as compared with HC. The voxel-wise VMB analysis further revealed significantly increased GMV in the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), bilateral orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (orb_IFG.L, orb_IFG.R), right cuneus (cuneus.R), and bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG.L, MFG.R) in children with ID. The following seed-based whole-brain functional connectivity analyses of the brain areas with changed GMV found decreased FCs between the cuneus.R and left intraparietal sulcus (IPS.L) and between the MFG.R and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in children with ID. Moreover, negative correlations between GMV values in the dmPFC, orb_IFG.L, cuneus.R, and intelligence quotient (IQ) scores and positive correlations between the FCs of the cuneus.R with IPS.L and MFG.R with ACC and IQ scores were found in children with ID and HC. Our findings provide evidence for the abnormal structural and functional development in children with ID and highlight the important role of frontoparietal network in the typical development. The abnormal development of GMV and functional couplings found in this study may be the neuropathological bases of children with ID.

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Microstructural abnormalities found in uncinate fasciculus and superior cerebellar tracts in children with global developmental delay: a feasibility study

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

A structural MRI study of global developmental delay in infants (<2 years old)

A structural MRI study of global developmental delay in infants (<2 years old)

Aberrant Structural and Functional Developmental Trajectories in Children With Intellectual Disability

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