Microstrip leaky wave antenna for wide range of beam scanning in X band

Abstract

In this work, design of a pattern reconfigurable antenna is presented for X‐band applications as a leaky wave antenna (LWA) realization. Due to the advantages of simple design schematic, low profile, and easy impedance matching, LWA designs have been using as an efficient solution for reconfigurable antenna in many wireless communication applications. Optimization and simulation of the proposed LWA is carried out in 3‐D Microwave simulation CST environment and Honey Bee Mating is used as the optimization algorithm. Dimensions of the proposed LWA is 130 × 30 mm, which is fabricated on Rogers 5880 as capacitive loaded eight identical rectangular microstrip patches operating over 9.5‐12 GHz with a fractional bandwidth. The proposed LWA exhibits a measured peak gain of 11.8 dBi at 10 GHz with an overall gain characteristic of between 9.5 and 11.8 dBi over the range of 9.5 to 12 GHz with a steerable pattern characteristics between −45 and 50° as agreed with the theory. Furthermore, the fabricated LWA has been found to have the superior performance as compared with its counterparts.

3D EM data‐driven artificial network‐based design optimization of circular reflectarray antenna with semi‐elliptic rings for X‐band applications

“…For the last decades, meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have shown great potential as an efficient tool for solving challenging multiobjective antenna designs. [25][26][27][28] For determination of optimal variables of CERA elements, a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm honey bee mating optimization (HBMO) 17,29 is used. The cost function Cost mn for the (mn)th element of the 21 units given in Equation ( 2) is used to drive a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm to determine the φ mn =[R 1 , R 2 , g] to be equal to φ Reqmn for the operation band of f min = 10 GHz and f max = 12 GHz with step size of 1 GHz:…”

“…For the last decades, meta‐heuristic optimization algorithms have shown great potential as an efficient tool for solving challenging multiobjective antenna designs 25–28 . For determination of optimal variables of CERA elements, a meta‐heuristic optimization algorithm honey bee mating optimization (HBMO) 17,29 is used.…”

A periodic meandering microstrip line leaky‐wave antenna with consistent gain and wide‐angle beam scanning

“…6,7 Another method of using the EH 0 -mode MSL to radiate energy is utilizing the n = À1 harmonic as the leaky mode. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] In this case, the period of the LWA unit cell is about a guided wavelength, and the radiation occurs at the discontinuities. In, 19 capacitive and inductive stubs are introduced to the unit cell to obtain constant gain.…”

“…Another method of using the EH 0 ‐mode MSL to radiate energy is utilizing the n = −1 harmonic as the leaky mode 17–23 . In this case, the period of the LWA unit cell is about a guided wavelength, and the radiation occurs at the discontinuities.…”

“…Then, the capacitive and inductive stubs are replaced by complementary stubs in 20 to realize a low cross‐polarization level. In, 22,23 microstrip patches are utilized as the radiating elements to realize wide‐range beam scanning. To realize enhanced reflection coefficient, transmission coefficient, and gain, a graphene‐based optical LWA is designed in 24 .…”