Microsporidiosis in Travelers with Diarrhea from the Tropics

López‐Vélez, Rogelio; Turrientes, María-Carmen; Garrón, Carla; Montilla, Pedro; Navajas, Raquel; Fenoy, S.; Águila, C. del

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.1999.tb00522.x

Cited by 75 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In reference to the presence of microsporidia in Spain, they have mainly been reported to occur in HIV/AIDS patients (8-10) but also in HIV-negative individuals, including travelers (26), elderly people (27), and the immunocompetent population (1). In most of these studies, E. bieneusi was the microsporidian responsible for clinical symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Cases of Microsporidiosis in Transplant Recipients in Spain and Review of the Literature

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microsporidia are currently considered emerging pathogens responsible for life-threatening infections in organ transplant recipients. Here, we describe the first cases of intestinal microsporidiosis by Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotype D in two non-HIV-infected renal transplant recipients from Spain. Previously reported cases of microsporidiosis in organ transplant recipients have also been reviewed, highlighting the necessity of considering organ transplant recipients a risk group for microsporidiosis. A systematic search for these parasites is recommended in cases of persistent diarrhea and in the differential diagnosis of other syndromes, such as chronic fever of unknown etiology.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Cases of Microsporidiosis in Transplant Recipients in Spain and Review of the Literature

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only a few studies have reported intestinal infections caused by E. intestinalis in Africa (8,9,13). Some cases have been described in immunocompetent patients, notably in adult travelers and in young children (16,12). Two systematic surveys in Niger (3) and Zambia (12) showed the low prevalence of microsporidia in children: 0.8 and 0.56%, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an Immunofluorescent-Antibody Test Using Monoclonal Antibodies Directed against Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis for Diagnosis of Intestinal Microsporidiosis in Bamako (Mali)

et al. 2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 2-month study was carried out in Mali to evaluate an immunofluorescent-antibody test (IFAT) using monoclonal probes specific for Enterocytozoon bieneusi or Encephalitozoon intestinalis. Sixty-one human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive adult patients and 71 immunocompetent children were enrolled. Microsporidia were detected in stools from 8 of 61 patients (13.1%) seropositive for HIV. A single species, E. bieneusi, was identified. All the children were negative for microsporidia. The sensitivity and specificity of IFAT were 100% compared with those of PCR, which was used as the "gold standard." Moreover, species identification by IFAT was more rapid and less expensive than that by PCR. These results show the suitability of IFAT for detection of microsporidia in developing countries.

show abstract

“…Most cases of human microsporidiosis are associated with immunosuppression, but increasing numbers of cases in non-HIV-infected immunocompetent patients are reported. These reports include infections of travelers to developing countries as well as infections of residents of various tropical countries (1,5,6,11,13,14,17,(19)(20)(21)23). Only a few studies examined the role of microsporidia in returning travelers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Microsporidia in Travelers with Diarrhea

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We examined stool specimens of 148 returning travelers from an outpatient department for tropical diseases for the appearence of microsporidia using light microscopy and PCR. Intestinal microsporidiosis was diagnosed for five patients by light microscopy and for nine patients by PCR. Some cases were diagnosed only by PCR, indicating that the true prevalence has to be determined by highly sensitive techniques, such as PCR.Diarrhea affects 20 to 70% of travelers in tropical or subtropical countries. Typically, self-limiting travelers' diarrhea is more of an inconvenience than a life-threatening disease. In general, bacteria, e.g., Escherichia coli, are the most common pathogens isolated in travelers' diarrhea. However, different intestinal protozoan parasites are recognized in travelers with diarrhea as well. Microsporidia are important protozoan parasites in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Limited data are available about microsporidian infections in immunocompetent patients and travelers (1,17,19,21).Stool samples were obtained from 148 travelers with diarrhea returning from different tropical areas between January and March 1998. Stool samples were examined by light microscopy (Uvitex 2B staining) and PCR as previously described (16). PCR products were digested with the restriction endonucleases PstI (20 U) and HaeIII (10 U) (Sigma) in a final volume of 15 l, producing distinctive fragments. The 250-bp DNA fragment of Enterocytozoon bieneusi was not cut by PstI and produced a 208-bp DNA fragment after digestion with HaeIII. The 268-bp DNA fragment of Encephalitozoon cuniculi was cut by PstI into two, 122-and 146-bp DNA fragments and by HaeIII into a 189-bp DNA fragment. The 270-bp DNA fragment of Encephalitozoon intestinalis was cut by PstI into two, 124-and 146-bp DNA fragments and by HaeIII into a 193-bp DNA fragment. The 279-bp DNA fragment of Encephalitozoon hellem was cut by PstI into two, 133-and 146-bp DNA fragments and by HaeIII into a 200-bp DNA fragment (9). Purified DNA fragments were ligated into a pGEM-T vector (Promega). Plasmids were transfected in competent E. coli cells (JM109) and plated on ampicillin-isopropyl-␤-D-thiogalactopyranoside-S-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-␤-D-galactopyranoside agar plates for blue-white screening. White colonies were selected, and plasmids were isolated from the cells by using the High Pure plasmid isolation kit (Boehringer, Mannheim, Germany). Both DNA strands of the cloned DNA fragments were sequenced on an automated DNA sequencer (ABI Prism 377 DNA Sequencer; Applied Biosystems) using the Taq FS BigDye-terminator cycle sequencing method starting with two vector-directed primers (T7 primer [5Ј-TAATACGACTC ACTATAGGG-3Ј] and M-13 reverse primer [5Ј-TTCACACA GGAAACAGCTATGACG-3Ј]) flanking the cloned DNA fragments.

show abstract

Microsporidiosis in Travelers with Diarrhea from the Tropics

Cited by 75 publications

References 21 publications

First Cases of Microsporidiosis in Transplant Recipients in Spain and Review of the Literature

First Cases of Microsporidiosis in Transplant Recipients in Spain and Review of the Literature

Evaluation of an Immunofluorescent-Antibody Test Using Monoclonal Antibodies Directed against Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Encephalitozoon intestinalis for Diagnosis of Intestinal Microsporidiosis in Bamako (Mali)

Detection of Microsporidia in Travelers with Diarrhea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About