Microspore mutagenesis and selection: Canola plants with field tolerance to the imidazolinones

Swanson, E. B.; Herrgesell, M. J.; Arnoldo, MaryAnne; Sippell, David W.; Wong, R. S. C.

doi:10.1007/bf00290837

Cited by 185 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The characteristics of the imidazolinone-tolerant wheat described in this study are similar in many respects to other imidazolinone-tolerant and sulfonylurea-tolerant plant selections previously reported in the literature (1,5,6,11,14,20 (6,7,11,20). The imidazolinone tolerance in wheat reported here is conferred through AHAS activity that is insensitive to inhibition by the imidazolinone herbicides ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Because only a portion of the AHAS activity in the tolerant wheat plants was insensitive to inhibition by imidazolinones, it is likely that two or more genes for the AHAS enzyme exist in wheat, only one of which has been altered. Findings of multiple loci for AHAS in plants has been observed in tobacco (5) and canola (20).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Development of such a tolerant crop could enable the use of more effective, safer, and more cost-effective weed control options than are currently available. Several plant AHAS mutants have been isolated with similar objectives, which include corn (1), canola (20), soybean (14), and tobacco (5). Several AHAS mutants have also been isolated in Arabidopsis (6,7).…”

Section: Seed Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Newhouse¹,

Smith²,

Starrett³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

128

122

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An imidazolinone-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) mutant in the winter wheat cultivar Fidel has been identified and characterized. The mutant was isolated from a population derived through seed mutagenesis of the variety with an aqueous solution containing sodium azide. Imidazolinone-tolerant wheat seedlings were selected from the M2 generation of the population in the presence of imazethapyr herbicide and identified as herbicideinsensitive individuals. The trait is inherited as a single semidominant gene and confers high levels of tolerance to imazethapyr. Acetohydroxyacid synthase activity in extracts from imidazolinonetolerant plants was less inhibited by imazethapyr than the enzyme from the wild type. The herbicide-tolerant plants have a completely normal phenotype and display no negative effects on growth and yield in either the absence or presence of imazethapyr.find imidazolinone-tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell) through seed mutagenesis and selection with an M2 seedling screen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seed MutagenesisFive thousand seeds of the French winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell cv Fidel) were mutagenized by the procedure of Kueh and Bright (9). Wheat seeds were soaked in water for 18 h at 50C. Air was then bubbled through the seeds for 6 h at 200C. Following imbibition, seeds were soaked in 1 mm sodium azide (pH 3) for 2 h. The seeds were rinsed for 30 min, dried on paper towels, and planted in the field. The plants arising from these seeds were Ml generation plants. M2 seeds were harvested from these plants at maturity.The imidazolinone class of herbicides has been demonstrated to have a broad spectrum of weed control activity, flexibility in timing of application, low usage rates, and low mammalian toxicity. These herbicides inhibit the enzymic activity of AHAS2 (EC 4.1.3.18) (15), the first enzyme in the pathway for the synthesis of the branched chain amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine. This same enzyme has been shown to be the site of action for the sulfonylurea and triazolopyrimidine herbicides (4,19). The basis for crop selectivity of the imidazolinones has been shown to be the result of a difference in the nature or rate of metabolism of the herbicide (2,3,16 882Screening Procedure M2 seeds were surface disinfected in 70% ethanol for 30 s. This was followed by a disinfection in a solution of 2.6% sodium hypochlorite for 30 min under vacuum with gentle agitation. Two drops of the nonionic surfactant Tween 20 were used per 100 mL of the sodium hypochlorite solution to aid the disinfestation procedure. Subsequently, seeds were rinsed three times in sterile distilled water and placed into sterile plastic 10-x 1.5-cm Petri dishes at 250 seeds/dish. Twenty-five milliliters of 1 M imazethapyr was placed in each dish. After 3 d in the imazethapyr solution, the seeds were drained and blotted dry. The seeds were planted at a 1-to 2-cm depth in 15-x 20-cm peat flats containing Metromix 350 (W.R. Grace Co.) at the rate of 1000 seeds/flat. These flats...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seed Mutagenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Newhouse¹,

Smith²,

Starrett³

et al. 1992

Plant Physiol.

128

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The tolerance of IMI is based on a chemically induced mutation of the acetolactate synthase (ALS) gene in B. napus (Swanson et al 1989). MAS is used for selection of the mutated ALS gene and the fertility-restoring (Rf) gene that is needed to overcome cytoplasmic male sterility of the hybrids.…”

Section: Molecular Markers and Their Multiple Usesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant biotechnology for deeper understanding, wider use and further development of agricultural and horticultural crops

Elomaa¹,

Joensuu²,

Korpelainen³

et al. 2008

AFSci

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Plants bind solar energy to organic matter via photosynthesis and assimilation of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and comprise the major source of nutrition and bioenergy. Plant biotechnology contributes to solution of important constraints in food and feed production and creates new technologies and applications for the sustainable use of plant resources. Genome-wide approaches such as massive parallel sequencing and microarrays to study gene expression, molecular markers for selection of important traits in breeding, characterization of genetic diversity with the aforementioned approaches, and somatic hybridization and genetic transformation are important tools in plant biotechnology. In this paper, studies carried out on enhanced resistance to viruses and tolerance of cold stress in potato, genetic modification of flower pigmentation and morphology in gerbera, production of edible vaccines in transgenic barley seeds, and expression of heterologous proteins for pharmaceutical purposes from vector viruses were chosen to exemplify the general utility of biotechnological approaches and also how plant biotechnology research has developed on cultivated plants at University of Helsinki. The studies reveal cellular and genetic mechanisms and provide scientific information that can be used for widening the uses of crop plants. They can also be used to detect any putative risks associated with the use of the biotechnological application in agriculture and horticulture and to develop practises which reduce any inadvertent negative consequences that plant production may have to the environment.

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“…In mutation studies, recessive and dominant traits are expressed and therefore can be easily selected using haploids (doubled haploids); therefore, the haploid system is an efficient tool system for mutation and in vitro selection studies (Ferrie et al 1995;Swanson et al 1989). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of androgenic-derived Festulolium plants (Lolium perenne L. × Festuca pratensis Huds.) by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Guo

Hisano

Shimamoto

et al. 2008

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Keywordsandrogenic callus -anther culture -dihaploid -GUS activity -transgenic forage grass 2 2 AbstractGenetic transformation of androgenic-derived amphidiploid Festulolium plants (Lolium perenne L. x Festuca pratensis Huds., 2n=4x=28) by Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been achieved. Anther culture-induced calli of Festulolium "Bx351" were inoculated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 carrying pIG121-Hm encoding the hygromycin resistance (hph) and β-glucuronidase (uidA) genes under the control of a CaMV 35S promoter. Twenty-three putative transformants were obtained from the hygromycin selection, 19 of which (82.6%) showed GUS activity. The integration of transgenes was detected by using genomic DNA PCR analysis, RT-PCR analysis and Southern blot hybridization, respectively, which revealed that foreign gene was integrated into the genomes of dihaploid transformants (2n=2x=14). The haploid embryogenic system offers a stable means of transformation, as the introduced trait can be readily fixed through chromosome doubling.

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Microspore mutagenesis and selection: Canola plants with field tolerance to the imidazolinones

Cited by 185 publications

References 19 publications

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Tolerance to Imidazolinone Herbicides in Wheat

Plant biotechnology for deeper understanding, wider use and further development of agricultural and horticultural crops

Transformation of androgenic-derived Festulolium plants (Lolium perenne L. × Festuca pratensis Huds.) by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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