Microsphere: a promising approach for drug delivery

Choudhury, Ananta; Deka, Debasish; Sonowal, Kashmiri; Laskar, Rahela Eyachmin

doi:10.18231/j.joapr.2019.001

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Microspheres are small spherical particles ranges from 1–1000 μm in diameter [ 19 , 20 ]. There are different techniques for the formulation of microspheres including solvent evaporation technique [ 21 ], coacervation [ 22 ], phase separation, spray drying and spray congealing [ 23 ], and various polymerization techniques including normal polymerization, interfacial polymerization, quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion and polycondensation technique [ 24 ]. However, microspheres prepared by solvent evaporation emulsion have got the upper edge on other methods as they require moderate operating conditions [ 25 , 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistically optimized pentazocine loaded microsphere for the sustained delivery application: Formulation and characterization

et al. 2021

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Pentazocine (PTZ) is a narcotic analgesic used to manage moderate to severe, acute and chronic pains. In this study, PTZ loaded Ethyl cellulose microsphere has been formulated for sustained release and improved bioavailability of PTZ. These microspheres were fabricated by oil in water emulsion solvent evaporation technique. A three factorial, three levels Box-Behnken design was applied to investigate the influence of different formulation components and process variables on the formulation response using the numeric approach through the design expert® software. All the formulations were characterized for the morphology, different physicochemical properties and the results were supported with the ANOVA analysis, three dimensional contour graphs and regression equations. The maximum percentage yield was 98.67% with 98% entrapment of PTZ. The mean particle size of the formulations ranges from 50–148μm, which directly relates to the concentration of polymer and inversely proportional to the stirring speed. SEM revealed the spherical shape of PTZ microspheres with porous structures. These are physically, chemically and thermally stable as confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis respectively. The microspheres provided a sustained release of the PTZ for more than 12 hours, following zero order with fickian and non fickian diffusion. The results indicate that prepared microspheres can be a potential drug delivery system (DDS) for the delivery of PTZ in the management of pains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistically optimized pentazocine loaded microsphere for the sustained delivery application: Formulation and characterization

et al. 2021

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“…Natural polymers are acquired from different sources like carbohydrates, chemically modified carbohydrates, and proteins (Choudhury et al, 2019). Carrageenan, chitosan, guar gum, and sodium alginate are examples of carbohydrates.…”

Section: Formulations Of Inhaled Microspherementioning

confidence: 99%

Development of natural polymers-based inhaled microspheres for tuberculosis

Rani,

Rahmadi,

Hariyadi

2024

Pharm Educ

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that mainly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB). Treatment involves a 6-month regimen of four first-line anti-TB drugs: isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), ethambutol (ETH), and pyrazinamide (PZA). However, the effectiveness of this regimen is limited due to the protection of Mtb bacteria in lung lesions. An alternative approach involves delivering the drugs directly to the lungs through inhalation using innovative methods of microspheres, which can greatly enhance treatment efficacy. Objective: This review focuses on inhaled microspheres that use natural polymers for anti-tubercular drugs. Method: A comprehensive literature survey was pulled from databases (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) from 2012 to 2022. Result: The characterisation studies, formulation technique, and efficacy using in vitro and in vivo studies of anti-tuberculosis drugs inhaled microspheres. Conclusion: Microspheres have substantial potential as an inhaled drug delivery system and are likely to have significant clinical contributions in the future.

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“…The Suspension polymerization is a.k.a bead / or pearl polymerization when performed at frigid/cool temperatures. [22,23] 2) Interfacial Polymerization: A polymer-film that effectively engulfs/shrouds the dispersed phase is created by the engagement of different polymer precursors at the demarcation between the two liquid phases that are immiscible in nature. This procedure follows the principle that lowering the polymer's solubility within the organic phase will have impact on how quickly coacervates, a phase rich in polymers, develop.…”

Section: Polymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microspheress Types Preparation Evaluation and Applications: A Review

Sah,

Ganarajan

2023

IJRASET

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Microspheres, also known as microspheres or “monolithic spheres” are small spherical particles that usually range from 1 to 1000 micrometres (µm). This multi-particulate drug delivery system is used in order to obtain controlled and prolonged drug delivery, thus improving the stability, bioavailability, and site specificity at a desired and predetermined rate. There are various methods in order to prepare/formulate the microspheres, such as emulsion-solvent evaporation, extraction of solvent, spray drying, Coacervation, Electrostatic or Electrodynamic, Template or Moulding methods and various other methods that include Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) and Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Emulsions (SFEE). Every method has its own benefits and disadvantages therefore, the selection of appropriate method is critical in achieving the desired microsphere characteristic. This review covers the different methods used to prepare the microspheres, the variety of parameters used in order to evaluate their effectiveness and their applications in the field of pharmacy.

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Microsphere: a promising approach for drug delivery

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Statistically optimized pentazocine loaded microsphere for the sustained delivery application: Formulation and characterization

Statistically optimized pentazocine loaded microsphere for the sustained delivery application: Formulation and characterization

Development of natural polymers-based inhaled microspheres for tuberculosis

Microspheress Types Preparation Evaluation and Applications: A Review

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