Microshutter array development for the James Webb space telescope

Li, Mary J.; Acuna, Nadine; Amatucci, Edward; Beamesderfer, Michael; Boucarut, Ray; Babu, Sachi; Bajikar, Sateesh S.; Ewin, Audrey J.; Fettig, Rainer K.; Franz, David E.; Hess, Larry A.; Hu, Ron; Jhabvala, M.; Kelly, Daniel P.; King, Todd; Kletetschka, Günther; Kotechi, Carl A.; Kutyrev, A.; Loughlin, John; Lynch, Bernard A.; Moseley, H.; Mott, Brent; Newell, Bill; Oh, Lance; Rapchun, David A.; Ray, Chris; Sappington, Carol; Schulte, Eric; Schwinger, Scott; Smith, Wayne; Snodgrass, Steve; Sparr, Leroy; Steptoe-Jackson, Rosalind; Wang, Liqin L.; Zheng, Yun; Zincke, C.

doi:10.1117/12.581861

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…Our microshutter arrays (MSA) are small prototype devices of the larger arrays developed at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) for use in the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). 9 FORTIS will provide the first flight opportunity for this unique device, which is ideally suited to far-UV applications because the shutters are clear apertures devoid of material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of FORTIS

McCandliss

Fleming

Kaiser

et al. 2010

Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray

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The Johns Hopkins University sounding rocket group is building the Far-ultraviolet Off Rowland-circle Telescope for Imaging and Spectroscopy (FORTIS), which is a Gregorian telescope with rulings on the secondary mirror. FORTIS will be launched on a sounding rocket from White Sand Missile Range to study the relationship between Lyman alpha escape and the local gas-to-dust ratio in star forming galaxies with non-zero redshifts. It is designed to acquire images of a 30 x 30 field and provide fully redundant "on-the-fly" spectral acquisition of 43 separate targets in the field with a bandpass of 900 -1800 Angstroms. FORTIS is an enabling scientific and technical activity for future cutting edge far-and nearuv survey missions seeking to: search for Lyman continuum radiation leaking from star forming galaxies, determine the epoch of He II reionization and characterize baryon acoustic oscillations using the Lyman forest. In addition to the high efficiency "two bounce" dual-order spectro-telescope design, FORTIS incorporates a number of innovative technologies including: an image dissecting microshutter array developed by GSFC; a large area (∼ 45 mm x 170 mm) microchannel plate detector with central imaging and "outrigger" spectral channels provided by Sensor Sciences; and an autonomous targeting microprocessor incorporating commercially available field programable gate arrays. We discuss progress to date in developing our pathfinder instrument.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of FORTIS

McCandliss

Fleming

Kaiser

et al. 2010

Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray

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“…Potential MOEMS transmissive microshutter technologies include thermally or electrostatically actuated curling shutters [10][11], magnetically actuated shutter arrays and our preferred technology: electrostatically actuated interference-based shutters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 2x2 multi-chip reconfigurable MOEMS mask: a stepping stone to large format microshutter arrays for coded aperture applications

et al. 2010

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Coded aperture imaging has been used for astronomical applications for several years. Typical implementations used a fixed mask pattern and are designed to operate in the X-Ray or gamma ray bands. Recently applications have emerged in the visible and infra red bands for low cost lens-less imaging systems and system studies have shown that considerable advantages in image resolution may accrue from the use of multiple different images of the same scene -requiring a reconfigurable mask.Previously reported work focused on realising a 2x2cm single chip mask in the mid-IR based on polysilicon micro-optoelectro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) technology and its integration with ASIC drive electronics using conventional wire bonding. It employs interference effects to modulate incident light -achieved by tuning a large array of asymmetric Fabry-Perot optical cavities via an applied voltage and uses a hysteretic row/column scheme for addressing.In this paper we report on the latest results in the mid-IR for the single chip reconfigurable MOEMS mask, trials in scaling up to a mask based on a 2x2 multi-chip array and report on progress towards realising a large format mask comprising 44 MOEMS chips. We also explore the potential of such large, transmissive IR spatial light modulator arrays for other applications and in the current and alternative architectures.

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“…Existing MOEMS transmissive microshutter technologies [8][9] include thermally actuated bimorph curling shutters, precision machined and micromachined slits that are mechanically moved to change patterns and magnetically actuated shutters. Reliability and speed are key concerns for adaptive CAI applications and hence of these, only the magnetically actuated approach may be suitable but is currently limited in array size and temperature range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable mask for adaptive coded aperture imaging (ACAI) based on an addressable MOEMS microshutter array

et al. 2007

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Coded aperture imaging has been used for astronomical applications for several years. Typical implementations use a fixed mask pattern and are designed to operate in the X-Ray or gamma ray bands. More recent applications have emerged in the visible and infra red bands for low cost lens-less imaging systems. System studies have shown that considerable advantages in image resolution may accrue from the use of multiple different images of the same scenerequiring a reconfigurable mask.We report on work to develop a novel, reconfigurable mask based on micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) technology employing interference effects to modulate incident light in the mid-IR band (3-5µm). This is achieved by tuning a large array of asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavities by applying an electrostatic force to adjust the gap between a moveable upper polysilicon mirror plate supported on suspensions and underlying fixed (electrode) layers on a silicon substrate.A key advantage of the modulator technology developed is that it is transmissive and high speed (e.g. 100kHz) -allowing simpler imaging system configurations. It is also realised using a modified standard polysilicon surface micromachining process (i.e. MUMPS-like) that is widely available and hence should have a low production cost in volume. We have developed designs capable of operating across the entire mid-IR band with peak transmissions approaching 100% and high contrast. By using a pixelated array of small mirrors, a large area device comprising individually addressable elements may be realised that allows reconfiguring of the whole mask at speeds in excess of video frame rates.

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Microshutter array development for the James Webb space telescope

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Fabrication of FORTIS

Fabrication of FORTIS

A 2x2 multi-chip reconfigurable MOEMS mask: a stepping stone to large format microshutter arrays for coded aperture applications

Reconfigurable mask for adaptive coded aperture imaging (ACAI) based on an addressable MOEMS microshutter array

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