In the last 3 years, Petroleum Development Oman (PDO) went from failure to success with microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fractures in deep, high-pressure/high-temperature (HP/HT) horizontal wells. The most recent operations were performed in the conditions of the highest complexity to date.
The hydraulic fracture monitoring (HFM) was performed in the 69° deviated section of a horizontal well with the geophones conducted on wireline. The perforation shots for velocity model calibration were performed through casing with no cement behind (a feature of the treatment well completion), which has not previously been documented in publication. A new generation of microseismic geophone shuttles was used on the stinger with two knuckle joints to enable passing through the high-dogleg sections of the well.
The geophones spent up to 12 hours downhole in one run with no signs of failure. The sensor array was successfully deployed on the first attempt in all runs in the highly deviated well section. Four fracturing stages were monitored, yielding hundreds of good-quality microseismic events. This provided enough data to evaluate the fracture geometry and complexity, symmetry of fracture wings, diversion efficiency of swell packers, and the number of fractures initiated in the same stage and their propagation. All this provided input for meaningful comparison of the openhole completion with previously completed cased holes. This data will guide future field development, well count, well spacing and will enhance the fracturing design of any future wells.