Microscopic techniques for fabrication of polyethersulfone thin‐film nanocomposite membranes intercalated with <scp>UiO‐66‐SO<sub>3</sub>H</scp> for heavy metal ions removal from water

Opuntia is the most diverse and widely distributed drought resistant promising genus of family Cactaceae. The cladodes were utilized to quantify the chemical composition of these plants helpful in lignocellulose conversion and their application towards biofuel production. The present study was aimed to evaluate and compare the taxonomic relationship based on morphology, stem anatomy and palynology of important desert cacti including Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha. This study also evaluates the potential usefulness of morphological, anatomical and pollen traits using light and scanning electron microscopy. The obtained microcharacters of stem and flowers are considered diagnostic at the generic and specific levels. Some distinguishing morphological features observed were elliptical to obovate cladodes, 1-7 spines per areole and presence of glochidia in O. dillenii. Pollen and stem anatomical characters of the studied taxa are considered highly diagnostic at the generic and species levels. The epidermis has irregular and wavy cells, with straight to sinuate wall pattern and paracytic stomata. Pollen grains appear as pantoporate and prolate spheroidal having reticulate to perforate-reticulate sculpturing while exine semi-tectate to tectate. The taxonomic features studied could be valuable to elaborate and helpful in correctly identification of Opuntia species. The methods of diverse microscopic examination also providing sufficient evidence about the taxonomy of the Opuntia species. Research Highlights• Description and illustration of desert cacti Opuntia.• Morpho-anatomy and palynology were studied with LM and SEM.• Highly variation in taxonomic qualitative and quantitative features.• Systematic significance based on taxonomic characters was presented.

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“…The pollen fertility percentage was estimated by using formula of Gul et al (2022), Nazish et al (2019), and Ullah et al (2018).

Fertility goodbreak= F / F goodbreak+ S goodbreak\times 100

( F = number of fertile pollen, S = number of sterile pollen on same ocular).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pollen fertility percentage was estimated by using formula of Gul et al (2022), Nazish et al (2019), and Ullah et al (2018).…”

Section: Pollen Fertility Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Majeed

Zafar

Ahmad

et al. 2022

Microscopy Res & Technique

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“…

normalF / normalF goodbreak+ normalS goodbreak\times 10

normalS / normalS goodbreak+ normalF goodbreak\times 10

Pollen fertility is specified by ‘F’ and ‘S’ stipulated infertile pollens on ocular (Gul, Ahmad, et al, 2021; Gul, Latafat, et al, 2021; Nazish et al, 2019; Ullah et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollen fertility is specified by 'F' and 'S' stipulated infertile pollens on ocular Gul, Latafat, et al, 2021;Nazish et al, 2019;Ullah et al, 2018).…”

Section: Pollen Fertility and Sterility Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differentiation of species based on exine ornamentation has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (Bano, Rashid, Ahmad, Bhatti, Yaseen, Anjum, Ahmed, et al, 2020; Bano, Rashid, Ahmad, Bhatti, Yaseen, Anjum, & Sultana, 2020; Khan et al, 2020; Hameed et al, 2020; Harun et al, 2020; Raza et al, 2020). SEM has recently established significant research methodologies in the micro morphological investigations of pollen grains in today modern world (Ahmad et al, 2010; Ahmad, Ali, et al, 2021; Ahmad, Khan, Ahmad, Hameed, et al, 2011; Ahmad, Khan, Ahmad, Zafar, et al, 2011; Gul, Ahmad, et al, 2021; Gul, Latafat, et al, 2021; Rashid, Zafar, Ahmad, Malik, et al, 2021; Rashid, Zafar, Ahmad, Memon, et al, 2021; Yasmin et al, 2010). SEM has a high resolution that provides sufficient details of ultrastructure, allowing micro morphological differences that are not achievable with light microscopy, and the surface of pollen has significantly improved attributed to SEM (Ahmad, Zafar, Ahmad, Ali, et al, 2020; Ahmad, Zafar, Ahmad, Ozdemir, et al, 2020; Ahmad, Zafar, Ahmad, Ozdemir, et al, 2020; Rahman et al, 2020; Shah et al, 2019; Zafar, Ahmad, Sultana, Anjum, et al, 2019; Zafar, Ahmad, Sultana, Lubna, et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pollen morphology of selected melliferous plants and its taxonomic implications using microscopy

Attique

Zafar

Ahmad

et al. 2022

Microscopy Res & Technique

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This research aimed to explore the melliferous bee flora pollen from arid zones of District Attock, Islamabad Capital and Rawalpindi. Morpho-palynological features has provided key information for the classification and help to explain the taxonomy of several genera and species. Therefore, in this work, we examined the morphological characters of pollen potentially to be used for the species delimitation of bee flora. A total of 18 bee floral species, classified into 12 different families were collected, pressed, identified and then acetolyized to observe the grains under microscopy. Bee pollen can be described by small, medium to large sized morphotypes presenting five types of shapes, prolate spheroidal in (seven species), sub-prolate (six species), oblate spheroidal (three species), oblate and prolate (one species each) was examined. The observed polar and equatorial diameter were found maximum in Zea mays 73.5 μm and Pelargonium inquinans 66.75 μm respectively. Pollen of six different types was found namely: tricolporate, 3-zonocolporate, monoportae, tetracolporate, tetraporate and mononsulcate. Whereas highest value of colpi length was measured in Grewia tenax (24.55 μm). Exine surface nature of pollen was examined echinate psilate and scabrate. Exine thickness noted to be maximum in Verbena tenuisecta (8.40 μm) and minimum in Citrus macrocarpa (0.4 μm). Bee floral species considered difficult to identify based on other morphological traits were successfully distinguished using pollen quantitative and qualitative traits, confirming the importance of pollen morphology to diagnose characters to correctly identify honeybee flora. Research Highlights• Pollen diversity among honeybee flora.• Highly variations observed via microscopy in pollen micromorphology.• Palyno-morph has taxonomic value for the identification of honeybee floral species.

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Palyno‐anatomical microscopic characterization of selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae

Yousaf

Zafar

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Microscopy Res & Technique

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Palyno-anatomical characterization of some selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted. Six species of them belongs to four genera of family Boraginaceae and other six species belongs to four genera of Fabaceae. The current study aimed to investigate palyno-anatomical features for correct identification and taxonomic significance. Pollen grains were acetolyzed and observed both qualitatively and quantitatively through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Statistical data was analyzed through cluster analysis which categorized plants into clusters. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out to illustrate morphological variation among selected plant species. Studied plant species showed variation in shape, size, aperture type, exine ornamentation of pollen, size and shape of epidermal cells, types of stomata, guard cells, subsidiary cells and trichome types. Exine thickness was recorded maximum 2.30 ± 0.1 μm in Lablab purpureus and minimum 1.05 ± 0.2 in Gastrocotyle hispida. PCA summarized 73.78% of accumulative variance. Trichome index was observed highest 62% on the adaxial surface of Heliotropium europaeum and lowest 21% on adaxial surface of L. purpureus. These findings reinforce the importance of palyno-anatomical features in the characterization and identification of taxa. It was concluded that description of palyno-anatomical characteristics presented in this study, highly contribute to our knowledge for correct identification of plant species.

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Microscopic techniques for fabrication of polyethersulfone thin‐film nanocomposite membranes intercalated with UiO‐66‐SO₃H for heavy metal ions removal from water

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Pollen morphology of selected melliferous plants and its taxonomic implications using microscopy

Palyno‐anatomical microscopic characterization of selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae

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Microscopic techniques for fabrication of polyethersulfone thin‐film nanocomposite membranes intercalated with UiO‐66‐SO3H for heavy metal ions removal from water

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Morpho‐palynological and anatomical studies in desert cacti (Opuntia dillenii and Opuntia monacantha) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Pollen morphology of selected melliferous plants and its taxonomic implications using microscopy

Palyno‐anatomical microscopic characterization of selected species of Boraginaceae and Fabaceae

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Product

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Microscopic techniques for fabrication of polyethersulfone thin‐film nanocomposite membranes intercalated with UiO‐66‐SO₃H for heavy metal ions removal from water