Microscopic evidences that bone marrow mononuclear cell treatment improves sciatic nerve regeneration after neurorrhaphy

Abstract

Cell therapy constitutes a possibility for improving nerve regeneration, increasing the success of nerve repair. We evaluate the use of mononuclear cells in the regeneration of the sciatic nerve after axotomy followed by end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Forty adult male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided into four groups: (1) sham, (2) neurorrhaphy: the sciatic nerve was sectioned and repaired using epineural sutures, (3) culture medium: after the suture, received an injection of 10 μL of culture medium into the nerve, and (4) mononuclear cell: after the suture, a concentration of 3 × 10(6) of mononuclear cell was injected in epineurium region. Mononuclear cells were obtained from the bone marrow aspirates and separated by Ficoll-Hypaque method. The histological analyses were performed at the 4th postoperative day. The sciatic functional index, histological, and morphometric analyzes were used to evaluate nerve regeneration at the 6th postoperative week. Six rats were used for immunohistochemical analysis on the 4th postoperative day. In the group 4, on the fourth day, the histological analysis demonstrated a more accelerated degenerative process and an increase of the neurotrophic factors was observed. In the 6th week, all the morphometric results of the group 4 were statistically better compared with groups 2 and 3. There was a statistically significant improvement in the sciatic functional index for group 4 compared with groups 2 and 3. Mononuclear cells stimulated nerve regeneration, most probably by speeding up the Wallerian degeneration process as well as stimulating the synthesis of neurotrophic factors.

Influence of Delivery Method on Neuroprotection by Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Therapy following Ventral Root Reimplantation with Fibrin Sealant

“…According to prior studies, MC express BDNF and GDNF [3] in the PNS following sciatic nerve injury. BDNF is also produced by MCs in the CNS, 3 and 7 days after MC therapy [4].…”

“…The use of MC resulted in neuroprotection following peripheral nervous system lesion [1], [3] and following spinal cord injury [28]. Furthermore, the mononuclear fraction is easy to obtain, implicating in lower costs and less processing time, as compared with other cell types [1], [29].…”

“…Moreover, MCs have similar potential therapeutic outcome for nerve regeneration in comparison to mesenchymal cells [2]. The peripheral nerve regeneration after MC has been connected to the local production of neurotrophic factors [1], [3], [4]. Relevantly, stem cell therapy may also present an immunomodulatory effect, reducing pro-inflammatory events as well as glial reaction following lesion.…”

Long-Term Spinal Ventral Root Reimplantation, but not Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cell Treatment, Positively Influences Ultrastructural Synapse Recovery and Motor Axonal Regrowth

“…Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MC) therapy can even enhance the levels of some trophic substances, potentially increasing neuronal survival and functional recovery. It can support nerve regeneration [ 14 ] towards the denervated target muscle. This work investigated if root reimplantation, combined with MC transplantation, further improves long-term nerve regeneration and synaptic recovery.…”

Características nociceptivas e histomorfométricas de nervos medianos de ratos com obesidade induzida pelo glutamato monossódico

“…Acreditava-se que podiam ser encontradas diferenças em algumas características do nervo periférico, além da funcional (nocicepção) anteriormente citada. Contudo, não foi observada qualquer alteração, dentro das variáveis analisadas para a morfometria do nervo mediano, ou seja, não houve diferenças significativas para o número de axônios, diâmetros de bainha de mielina, axônio e fibra nervosa, ou quociente G. Tal fato também foi observado por Soares et al 25 ao avaliar a densidade de população de neurônios mioentéricos do íleo de ratos obesos MSG comparados com animais controle.…”