Microscopic Evaluation of Emulsion Stability and Formula Optimization for Emulsified Acid

A reservoir-damage-free encapsulated acid dually controlled by hydrogen ion concentration and temperature

“…With the development of the global oil and gas industry, oil and gas exploration and development extends from shallow layers to deep layers and ultra-deep layers and changes rapidly from medium-low temperatures to high and ultra-high temperatures. [1][2][3] High-temperature deep carbonate reservoir acid fracturing has introduced more stringent requirements, [4][5][6] a slower chemical reaction rate and excellent dissolution performance of acid systems, which means that the acid system still should have a certain dissolution ability above 135 C. [7][8][9] Existing acids for high temperatures with a slow chemical reaction rate include emulsied acids, 10,11 organic acids 12,13 and cross-linked acids. 14 Although these acid systems have a certain slow chemical reaction rate performance, they are in direct contact with the acid fracturing pipelines and therefore must be treated with corrosion inhibitor additives.…”