Microscopic and virtual approaches to oral pathology: A case study from El Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Ruiz, Marina Lozano; Gamarra, Beatriz; Hernando, Raquel; Ceperuelo, Dolors

doi:10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151827

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…As previously mentioned, there is a difference in the size of the scan slice produced by the two techniques (Orhan, 2020; Orhan & Büyüksungur, 2019; Pour et al, 2016). However, depending on the type of anatomical or pathology structure to be studied, the CBCT scanner may be more readily available and a cheaper alternative to the LV micro‐CT scanner (Lamira et al, 2022; Lozano et al, 2022). The 3D digital microscope (3D DM) could also provide high‐quality images of dental defects on the external surfaces of the teeth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3D digital microscope (3D DM) could also provide high‐quality images of dental defects on the external surfaces of the teeth. This equipment is suitable for teeth in situ in “small maxilla and mandible fragments or isolated teeth” (Lozano et al, 2022:3) but not an entire in situ dentoalveolar complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The “large volume” micro‐computed tomography (LV micro‐CT) scanner has the potential to provide high‐resolution datasets of all structures scanned and can accommodate larger specimens such as a human skull. Other types of CT scanners such as the cone‐beam CT (CBCT) scanner (Anderson et al, 2014; Lozano et al, 2022) and/or medical CT scanner (Anderson et al, 2014; Smilg, 2017) could also accommodate such samples and have been used in many investigations. However, an important distinction between the LV micro‐CT scanner and these CT systems is the thickness of the scan slices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the dentoalveolar complex in archaeological human skull specimens: Additional findings with large volume micro‐CT compared to standard methods

Gurr

Higgins

Henneberg

et al. 2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Archaeological investigation of the dentoalveolar complex in situ within a human skull requires detailed measurements using non-invasive techniques. Standard macroscopic and radiographic methods have limitations but large volume micro-computed tomography (LV micro-CT) scanning has the potential to acquire data at high resolution in microns. In this study, archaeological specimens are analyzed using three-dimensional data visualization software from LV micro-CT scans with the aims of (1) determining whether LV micro-CT can act as a single technique to provide detailed analysis of the dentoalveolar complex and (2) how findings from the LV micro-CT technique compare with standard methods. These aims are explored by measuring a range of human skull specimens from a rare archaeological sample requiring non-invasive methods, for multiple dental and alveolar bone health categories. The LV micro-CT technique was the only method to provide a full range of detailed measurements across all categories studied. A combination of macroscopic and radiographic techniques covered a number of categories, but the use of multiple methods was more time consuming, did not provide the same level of accuracy, and did not include all measurements. There were high levels of reproducibility for intra-operator scoring and good inter-operator agreement from four operators with one operator whose results were outliers. As a further investigation of the potential of the LV micro-CT technique, an additional individual, a fragile, fragmented skull of an infant was studied. This investigation confirms the value of LV micro-CT scanning as a non-invasive, accurate, single technique for the extensive analysis of the dentoalveolar complex within archaeological skulls, which also allows the relationship of different tissues to be studied in situ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the dentoalveolar complex in archaeological human skull specimens: Additional findings with large volume micro‐CT compared to standard methods

Gurr

Higgins

Henneberg

et al. 2023

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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“…In contemporary and historical contexts, notches and grooves have been linked to occupational activities like tailoring, carpentry, or shoemaking, and individual habits like pipe smoking and cracking and chewing of dried seeds (Bonfiglioli et al, 2004; Carvalho & Wasterlain, 2017; Fidalgo et al, 2020; Silva et al, 2016). Ethnographic and historical sources have associated several activities to dental grooves, namely, processing plant fibers (e.g., woolen yarn and silk thread) for weaving mats and clothing, basketry, and net making; processing sinews (for cord and thread); or holding objects in the mouth (e.g., fishing nets, bow drills, tow lines, nails, and pins) (Erdal, 2008; Lozano et al, 2022; Rodrigues et al, 2021; Scott & Jolie, 2008; Willman et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hillson (2001) was also used to assess which dental surfaces were present or caries‐free, therefore allowing for wear analysis. The following dental alterations/modifications were scored for all observable teeth as present or absent and described according to their location and affected tooth surfaces: Notch/groove : an indentation involving the tooth's incisal/occlusal edge, sometimes extending across all the surface (Schulz, 1977; Bocquentin et al, 2005; Scott & Jolie, 2008; Fidalgo et al, 2020; Lozano et al, 2022). Even though notches and grooves are often considered different modifications, the commingled nature of the sample impaired a reliable differential differentiation between the two.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

More than they could chew: Activity‐induced dental modifications in a Portuguese medieval–modern rural population

Neves

Silva

Simões

et al. 2022

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

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Non‐masticatory dental lesions (e.g., notching, interproximal grooving, polished surfaces, lingual tilting, and dental trauma) may help evaluate the impact that dietary, individual, or social‐cultural habits had on ancient populations. Thus, this study aims to describe and discuss possible causes for dental wear and trauma recorded in 1206 commingled teeth recovered from a medieval‐modern ossuary in Miranda do Corvo (Coimbra, Portugal). All teeth were observed macroscopically under good light conditions. Dental wear and traumatic injuries were recorded according to their location. Atypical wear was divided into five categories—notches and grooves, polished surfaces, oblique wear plane, interproximal grooves, and lingual tilting. Higher mean values of occlusal dental wear were found in the anterior dentition (3.03 ± 1.457; n = 396), being the central incisors the more worn out (3.19 ± 1.28; n = 102). In all, 11.0% of the observed teeth presented atypical wear (130/1185), being anterior teeth (26.7%; 112/419) more affected than posterior (17.0%; 128/765). The most common alterations were notches/grooves (50.0% of the teeth with atypical wear; 65/130) and dental microtrauma (20.3% of the observed teeth; 240/1184). Furthermore, teeth presenting microtrauma were more affected by atypical wear, affecting 38.9% (48/130) of the worn teeth. An association between chipping and notches and/or grooves (62.5%; 30/48) was also noted. The obtained results, namely, the morphology and distribution of the “incisor‐dominant” dental wear and dental trauma patterns, suggest that many individuals of this population may have used their teeth as a “third hand” in routine practices. However, some types of atypical wear, namely, polished lingual surfaces of anterior teeth, may have had other causes, such as malocclusion. This study provides new insights into how ancient populations used their dentitions, even when the osteological remains are recovered from a commingled context.

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Dental and Oral Pathologies At El Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Lozano

Gamarra

Hernando

et al. 2022

Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology

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Microscopic and virtual approaches to oral pathology: A case study from El Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Investigating the dentoalveolar complex in archaeological human skull specimens: Additional findings with large volume micro‐CT compared to standard methods

Investigating the dentoalveolar complex in archaeological human skull specimens: Additional findings with large volume micro‐CT compared to standard methods

More than they could chew: Activity‐induced dental modifications in a Portuguese medieval–modern rural population

Dental and Oral Pathologies At El Mirador Cave (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain)

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