Microscope-delivered ultraviolet laser zona dissection: Principles and practices

Laser Pulse Application in IVF

“…After comparing Nd:YAG lasers with the ArF (193 nm) excimer laser, the 193 nm was found to produce a more uniform, smooth tunnel in the zona pellucida (Palanker et al 1991). Similar findings were noted with the XeCl (308 nm) excimer laser (Neev et al, 1992). Many excimer lasers, including KrF (248 nm), and nitrogen lasers (337 nm) function at a wavelength in the UV spectrum.…”

“…Laser beams travel through the objective lenses and only microscope stage movement is required to adjust embryo position (Tadir et al, 1989(Tadir et al, , 1990(Tadir et al, , 1991. In contrast, contact laser systems require direct contact between the laser and embryo, usually with either glass or an optical fiber (Neev et al, 1992). This increases the likelihood of trauma to the embryo.…”

“…A longer pulse length also correlates with a larger hole (Rink et al, 1996). Focusing the beam waist on a target provides a larger diameter of tunnel as well (Neev et al,1992). Beyond the physical characteristics of the laser itself are secondary characteristics and limitations impacting embryo use.…”

Assisted hatching in mouse embryos using a noncontact Ho:YSGG laser system

“…In previous studies (1,2,5,12) we demonstrated the great utility and precision of the laser (at the appropriate parameters) as a superior device for micromanipulation and precise breaching of the ZP. In Fig.…”

Evaluation of laser-assisted lentiviral transgenesis in bovine

“…These authors concluded, that a 308 nm XeCl-excimer laser was best suited to induce photoablation of ZPs (Neer et al, 1992). After drilling a tangential trench in the ZP of mouse oocytes, fertilization rate significantly improved after fertilization with sperm of long time vasectomized mice (el Danasouri et al, 1993).…”