Microsatellite DNA markers reveal genetic differentiation among populations of Glossina palpalis gambiensis collected in the agro‐pastoral zone of Sideradougou, Burkina Faso

Abstract

Intraspecific genetic variability of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the area of Sideradougou, Burkina Faso, was studied using polymorphic microsatellite DNA markers. This genetic study was combined with other epidemiological information on the same tsetse: bloodmeal identification, dissection of tsetse and molecular characterization of the trypanosomes detected. There was significant genetic differentiation among flies caught only a few kilometers apart, within the same riverine habitat. These distinct subpopulations were also differentially infected by trypanosomes. In part of the study area, a Factorial Correspondence Analysis undertaken on the genotypes allowed us to detect a Wahlund effect, suggesting the presence of tsetse originating from different source populations coming from two distinct drainage systems. The apparent structuring of populations of G. palpalis gambiensis is discussed relative to appropriate strategies to control African Trypanosomosis.

Morphometric characterization of three Tsetse Fly Species - Glossina M. Morsitans, G. P. Palpalis and G. Tachinoides (Diptera: Glossinidae) from Ghana

“…Climatic conditions in these two regions probably favour growth of the flies and hence size increase compared to the Northern population, where the climate is hot throughout the year. Similar results were obtained by Solano et al [22], where significant differences were observed in G. p gambiensis populations collected from regions in Burkina Faso and others from Senegal. The difference observed in G. p gambiensis populations from their findings was as a result of geographical distances between the sampling regions.…”

Olfaction in vector-host interactions

“…Virtually no information is currently available on relationships between genetic structure and the olfactory responses of tsetse populations. The few studies dealing with tsetse population genetics in East Africa have focused on genetic differentiation measures between geographically distant populations (see Gooding and Krafsur Ravel et al 2007, Solano et al 2000. These studies suggest that, on a microgeographic scale, G. palpalis populations are composed of several 'clusters' or subgroups, genetically differentiated from each other with separate geographical and host ranges (as illustrated in Figure 3).…”

“…However, it is clear that neither view is correct: unidentified attractants for savannah species remain to be identified and, more excitingly, Palpalis group flies do respond to host kairomones other than carbon dioxide (Filledier and Mérot 1989a;Mohamed-Ahmed 1998;Rayaisse et al 2010). (Solano et al 2000, Ravel et al 2007…”

Molecular epidemiology of clonal diploids: A quick overview and a short DIY (do it yourself) notice

“…This method is particularly useful for determining cryptic groups when no particular clue is available for sub-population delineation. See for example Solano et al (2000) and Ajzenberg et al (2002).…”