Microsatellite Diversity of the Agriculturally Important Alpine Grass Poa alpina in Relation to Land Use and Natural Environment

Rudmann-Maurer, Katrin; Weyand, Anne; Fischer, Markus; Stöcklin, Jürg

doi:10.1093/aob/mcm203

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…These results are even more pronounced than the ones of our microsatellite study of P. alpina where the mean number of alleles was also higher in grazed sites than in mown ones (Rudmann-Maurer et al 2007). The higher heritable genetic variation in grazed sites is in line with the hypothesis that increased allocation to reproduction of plants in grazed sites increases establishment of new genotypes, and thus genetic variation.…”

Section: Determinants Of Heritabilitycontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…Because for topographical reasons grazed sites are somewhat more likely to be situated next to other grazed sites than to mown ones, this can also contribute to higher genetic variation within grazed sites. Higher gene flow among grazed sites with P. alpina was indeed indicated by the lower microsatellite differentiation among grazed than among mown sites with P. alpina (Rudmann-Maurer et al 2007). An alternative explanation of reduced heritable genetic variation in mown sites could be more spatially homogeneous selection by mowing than by grazing animals.…”

Section: Determinants Of Heritabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…To account for potential regional and cultural differences, we had selected four villages of each of the three main cultural traditions in the Swiss Alps, Romanic, Germanic, and Walser . The experiment also served for estimating broad-sense heritability of several vegetative and reproductive characters of P. alpina and to relate it to plant species diversity and microsatellite diversity of Poa alpina known for all sites from previous studies (Maurer et al 2005(Maurer et al , 2006Rudmann-Maurer et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of Poa alpina to altitude and land use in the Swiss Alps

et al. 2011

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Current land use and climate change are prompting questions about the ability of plants to adapt to such environmental change. Therefore, we experimentally addressed plant performance and quantitative-genetic diversity of the common Alpine Meadow Grass Poa alpina. We asked how land use and altitude affect the occurrence of P. alpina in the field and whether its common-garden performance suggests adaptation to conditions at plant origin and differences in quantitative genetic diversity among plant origins. Among 216 candidate grassland sites of different land use and altitude from 12 villages in the Swiss Alps, P. alpina occurred preferentially in fertilized and grazed sites and at higher elevations. In a common garden at 1,500 m asl, we grew two plants of [600 genotypes representing 78 grassland sites. After 2 years, nearly 90% of all plants had reproduced. In agreement with adaptive advantages of vegetative reproduction at higher altitudes, only 23% of reproductive plants from lower altitudes reproduced via vegetative bulbils, but 55% of plants from higher altitudes. In agreement with adaptive advantages of reproduction in grazed sites, allocation to reproductive biomass was higher in plants from grazed grasslands than from mown ones. For 53 grasslands, we also investigated broad-sense heritability H 2 , which was significant for all studied traits and twice as high for grazed as for mown grasslands. Moreover, possibly associated with their higher landscape diversity, H 2 was higher for sites of villages of Romanic cultural tradition than for those of Germanic and Walser traditions. We suggest promoting diverse land use regimes to conserve not only landscape and plant species diversity, but also adaptive genetic differentiation and heritable genetic variation.

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Section: Determinants Of Heritabilitycontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Determinants Of Heritabilitymentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adaptation of Poa alpina to altitude and land use in the Swiss Alps

et al. 2011

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“…Changes in human land use may affect genetic diversity of common alpine plants negatively (e.g. Rudmann-Maurer et al 2007), but little is known about neutral genetic drift affecting genetic diversity and structure in alpine plants, especially in rare plants and at fine spatial scales. Gene flow by pollen or seed dispersal, neutral genetic drift and natural selection are among the most important evolutionary forces shaping the genetic diversity of plant populations at different spatial scales (Loveless and Hamrick 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High genetic differentiation in populations of the rare alpine plant species Campanula thyrsoides on a small mountain

Frei

Stöcklin

2012

Alp Botany

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Changes in climate and traditional land use have contributed to a loss and fragmentation of suitable habitats for many alpine plant species. Despite the importance of these changes, our knowledge of the consequences for gene flow and genetic diversity is still poor, especially in rare taxa and at fine spatial scales. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity in a rare alpine plant on a small and highly structured mountain in the Swiss Alps. Using microsatellite markers and Bayesian cluster analyses, we investigated genetic diversity within and among 24 populations of Campanula thyrsoides L. We also tested whether landscape structure has affected genetic structure by correlating genetic diversity with landscape and population features, which were assessed in a four-year monitoring period. The recorded genetic diversity (H e = 0.714) and genetic differentiation (G 0 ST = 0.32) at distances of 1-10 km were remarkably high. Clustering analyses revealed a split of populations into two genetically different spatial groups, but between-population genetic distances were neither correlated to geographic distance, elevation nor slope. The high differentiation and genetic bottlenecks may indicate strong founder effects, although the number of alleles was not decreased in bottlenecked populations. We conclude that stochastic colonisation by seeds is most important for shaping the genetic structure of C. thyrsoides on this small mountain. The high genetic diversity even in small populations may indicate that occasional gene flow is strong enough to overcome negative effects of bottlenecks. Nevertheless, further fragmentation and isolation of habitats may threaten this rare plant in the future.

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“…Resultate einer Studie mit einem der wichtigsten alpinen Futtergräser -dem Alpenrispengras (Poa alpina) -zeigen, dass die genetische Diversität von Alpenpflanzen auch durch die Art der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung beeinflusst werden kann [10]. Populationen des Alpenrispengrases sind genetisch ebenfalls stark differenziert und die Isolation nimmt auch hier mit der geographischen Distanz zu.Vor allem aber war die genetische Diversität von Populationen höher, wenn die Vielfalt der praktizierten Landnutzungstypen in einer Gemeinde groß war.…”

Section: Landnutzung Und Genetische Diversität Beim Alpenrispengrasunclassified

Anpassungen an das Leben in großer Höhe. Evolution bei Alpenpflanzen

Stöcklin

2009

Biologie in unserer Zeit

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Microsatellite Diversity of the Agriculturally Important Alpine Grass Poa alpina in Relation to Land Use and Natural Environment

Abstract: The diversity of human land use in the Alps was associated with genetic diversity of P. alpina. Therefore, the ongoing socio-economically motivated land-use changes, which reduce the number of different land-use types, will affect the genetic diversity of P. alpina negatively.

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Adaptation of Poa alpina to altitude and land use in the Swiss Alps

Adaptation of Poa alpina to altitude and land use in the Swiss Alps

High genetic differentiation in populations of the rare alpine plant species Campanula thyrsoides on a small mountain

Anpassungen an das Leben in großer Höhe. Evolution bei Alpenpflanzen

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