MicroRNAs in Ischemic Heart Disease

Abstract

Despite rapid advances in cardiovascular research and therapeutic strategies, ischemic heart disease (IHD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs which post transcriptionally regulate gene expression. In the past few years, miRNAs have emerged as key tools for the understanding of the pathophysiology of IHD, with potential uses as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Several studies report a regulatory role of miRNAs, with regard to fundamental components of IHD pathogenesis and progression, such as lipoprotein metabolism, atherogenesis, vascular calcification, platelet function, and angiogenesis. Due to their high stability in biofluids, circulating miRNAs have attracted attention as promising biomarkers of IHD, especially in cardiovascular risk prediction and the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Furthermore, experimental studies have demonstrated the potential of miRNA-targeted therapy in improving hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, and angiogenesis. In this review, the current knowledge on the role of miRNAs in IHD and translational perspectives of their use is discussed.

Emerging role of angiogenesis in adaptive and maladaptive right ventricular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension

“…Evidence suggesting the epigenetic control of angiogenesis has been accumulating, particularly through noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs), which induce messenger RNA degradation or block translation (21). Since they target multiple genes rapidly, miRNAs are well positioned to regulate complex processes such as angiogenesis (30,67,92,177). ECs express several miRNAs that are induced by hypoxia or VEGF during adaptive remodeling or acute ischemia (111,135).…”

Predictive value of circulating coagulation related microRNAs expressions for major adverse cardiac and cerebral event risk in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a cohort study

“…MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of non-coding RNAs, are vital post-transcriptional modulators, which participate in a myriad of physiological functions and pathological conditions (such as endothelial homeostasis, glucolipid metabolism as well as microangiopathy), and part of them have been found to regulate several hemostatic factors, tissuefactors or anti-angiogenic factors to play essential roles in coagulation that is a critical step for thrombosis of MACCE [9][10][11][12]. Considering the crucial status of coagulation on affecting MACCE occurrence as we mentioned above, and miRNAs have regulatory effects in coagulation process, we hypothesized that the blood coagulation related miRNAs might be associated with MACCE risk or related prognosis, which might serve as markers for MACCE in CAPD patients, while related evidence is seldomly reported [12,13]. In this study, 13 blood coagulation related miRNAs were selected referring to a recent review analysis focusing on hemostasis and coagulation pathways related miRNAs, and we aimed to investigate the correlation of these coagulation related miRNAs expressions with MACCE risk in patients undergoing long-term CAPD [14].…”

Serum miRNA Profile in Diabetic Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease as a Promising non-invasive Biomarker

“…It is commonly known that levels of certain circulating miRNAs might be predictive for long-term diabetes complications [22]. MiRNAs may be a usefull biomarker because of its stability in bio uids even after prolonged time since collection and several freezing-thaw cycles [23]. Moreover, those small particles can be easily collected and measured with speci c, sensitive assays [22].…”

“…Recent studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the development of heart diseases. It has been proven that miRNAs (miR-33, miR-144, miR-30c, miR-378, miR-96, miR-185) are involved in maintaining of lipoprotein homeostasis by regulation of cholesterol transport and its uptake [23]. MiRNAs such as miR-92a, miR-503, miR-126 can also control and regulate angiogenesis, crucial for the repair of myocardial cells after ischemic injury [24,25].…”