MicroRNAs as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer

Aghdam, Arad Mobasher; Amiri, Amin; Salarinia, Reza; Masoudifar, Aria; Ghasemi, Faezeh; Mirzaei, Hamed

doi:10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2019025273

Cited by 68 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Growing trend of documents show that various cancers such as oral cancers might be modulated in under epigenetic condition via histone demethylases or micro-RNAs [15,61,[109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118]. One of the groups of histone demethylases epigenetically regulated transcribing gene via removal of the histone methylation marks [119].…”

Section: Epigenetic Regulators and Oral Cancer Stem Cells Histone Demmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

2020

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified as a little population of cancer cells, which have features as the same as the cells normal stem cells. There is enough knowledge of the CSCs responsibility for metastasis, medicine resistance, and cancer outbreak. Therefore, CSCs control possibly provides an efficient treatment intervention inhibiting tumor growth and invasion. In spite of the significance of targeting CSCs in treating cancer, few study comprehensively explored the nature of oral CSCs. It has been showed that oral CSCs are able to contribute to oral cancer progression though activation/inhibition a sequences of cellular and molecular pathways (microRNA network, histone modifications and calcium regulation). Hence, more understanding about the properties of oral cancers and their behaviors will help us to develop new therapeutic platforms. Head and neck CSCs remain a viable and intriguing option for targeted therapy. Multiple investigations suggested the major contribution of the CSCs to the metastasis, tumorigenesis, and resistance to the new therapeutic regimes. Therefore, experts in the field are examining the encouraging targeted therapeutic choices. In spite of the advancements, there are not enough information in this area and thus a magic bullet for targeting and eliminating the CSCs deviated us. Hence, additional investigations on the combined therapies against the head and neck CSCs could offer considerable achievements. The present research is a review of the recent information on oral CSCs, and focused on current advancements in new signaling pathways contributed to their stemness regulation. Moreover, we highlighted various therapeutic approaches against oral CSCs.

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Section: Epigenetic Regulators and Oral Cancer Stem Cells Histone Demmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

2020

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“…However, the effective treatment for PCa has not been found due to the controversial screening signature for prostate cancer (20). Meanwhile, there are no reliable prognostic markers to discriminate indolent tumors from those likely to cause aggressive metastatic diseases (21). Thus, it is necessary to understand the relevant mechanisms of PCa and explore reliable prognostic biomarkers of PCa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrative Analysis of four miRNA prognostic signatures of prostate cancer

Chen

Yao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common urological cancer among men, having a poor prognosis, which is hard to accurately evaluate based on the present methods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of internal non-coding small RNA, can involve in the regulation of tumor biological function. So far, many researchers have tried to explore the relationship of malignant progress of PCa with miRNA, while there are just limited studies conducting the comprehensive analysis of miRNA in PCa clinical significance. Methods The data of miRNA and mRNA expressions in PCa were downloaded from TCGA database, and were performed the overall survival (OS) analysis using Survival package of R software to harvest the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The bioinformatics tools such as TargetScan, miRDB, and miRanda were also conducted to forecast the desired target genes related with prognostic DEMs. In addition, both GO and KEGG analyses were used to uncover the fundamental signaling pathways and cellular processes in PCa as well as the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed through STRING and Cytoscape software. Results Firstly, 4 DEMs (miR-19a-3p, miR-144-3p, miR-223-5p, and miR-483-3p) were found having significantly associated with overall survival in PCa. Based on the criteria with FDR < 0.05 and |log2FC| > 1, 33 genes were screened out as DEGs. Besides, the functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs of 4 miRNAs may participate in cancer-related pathways like FoxO and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Lastly, the low expression of CD177 may be potentially associated with poor survival of patients in PCa. Conclusion This study systematically analyzed multiple PCa prognostic DEMs (miR-19a-3p, miR-144-3p, miR-223-5p, and miR-483-3p), and verified a novel DEG signature (CD177) that can be used to effectively assess the prognosis of PCa patients.

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“…MiRNAs are considered as novel biomarkers for early detection of various disorders, particularly cancer (Aghdam et al, ; Jamali et al, ; Moridikia, Mirzaei, Sahebkar, & Salimian, ; Nahand et al, ). This role comes from the alteration in the expression of miRNAs during cancer.…”

Section: Upregulation/down‐regulation Of Mirnas In Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs as novel targets of sulforaphane in cancer therapy: The beginning of a new tale?

Rafiei

Ashrafizadeh

Ahmadi

2020

Phytotherapy Research

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Effective management and treatment of cancer depend on developing novel antitumor drugs with the capability of targeting various molecular pathways. Identification and subsequent targeting of these pathways are of importance in cancer therapy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules responsible for post‐transcriptional regulation of genes. Notably, miRNAs participate in a number of biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and cell cycle regulation. So, any impairment in the expression and function of miRNAs is associated with development of disorders, particularly cancer. Naturally occurring nutraceutical compounds have attracted much attention due to their great antitumor activity. Among them, sulforaphane isolated from Brassica oleracea (broccoli) is of interest due to its therapeutic and biological activities such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, hepatoprotection, and cardiprotection. Sulforaphane has demonstrated great antitumor activity and is able to significantly inhibit proliferation, viability, migration, malignancy, and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. These antitumor effects have widely been investigated, and it appears that there is a need for a precise review to demonstrate the molecular pathway that sulforaphane follows to exert its antitumor activity. At the present review, we focus on the modulatory impact of sulforaphane on miRNAs and exhibit that how various miRNAs in different cancers are regulated by sulforaphane.

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MicroRNAs as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer

Cited by 68 publications

References 0 publications

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Cancer stem cells and oral cancer: insights into molecular mechanisms and therapeutic approaches

Integrative Analysis of four miRNA prognostic signatures of prostate cancer

MicroRNAs as novel targets of sulforaphane in cancer therapy: The beginning of a new tale?

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