MicroRNAs (−146a, −21 and −34a) are diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic vascular diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies

“…The results showed that the relative expression of serum miR-146a and miR-21 increased, whereas that of miR-34a decreased with worsening DR severity. 211 miR-125a-5p significantly attenuated vascular leakage in DR. 212 These findings suggested that miR-146a, miR-21, miR-34a, and miR-125a-5p could serve as promising biomarkers for DR. 211 AI has recently become a research hotspot in auxiliary medical diagnosis. Ophthalmic AI integrates imaging databases with deep learning (DL) technology to automatically measure and analyze the characteristic biological structures of the eyes of patients with DR to assist with diagnosis.…”

“…Research results of new technology might be redundant. For example, miRNA-based studies of diagnosis or regulation have found that miR-21 plays an important role in diabetic vascular complications; 211 , 273 , 466 – 470 however, the role of miR-21 in organs and at various points during disease progression remains unknown because concepts across disciplines have not been fully integrated. New technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells should be developed to enrich experimental findings of DPD and construct model human blood vessel organoids.…”

The best protection is early detection

“…The research team looked at the serum expression of miRNAs and found two miRNAs that were increased and one that was decreased with the severity of DR. They consider all three miRNAs as promising candidates for detecting mild, moderate and severe stages of DR [ 36 ].…”