MicroRNA Target and Gene Validation in Viruses and Bacteria

Baroni, Debora; Arrigo, Paul

doi:10.1007/978-1-62703-748-8_13

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, studies have confirmed that miRNAs participate in various biological processes, including cell growth, development, proliferation and metabolism, via inhibition of mRNA translation (12,13). Recently, studies revealed that ~20-30% of human genes are regulated by miRNAs, affecting gene expression (14). miR-370 has been suggested to play an inhibition role in many cancers or tumors, including colon cancer and HCC, breast cancer as well as gastric cancer (15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of microRNA-370 promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation by targeting PTEN in human gastric cancer

Yang

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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Growing evidence suggests that microRNA plays an essential role in the development and metastasis of many tumors, including gastric cancer. Aberrant miR‑370 expression has been indicated in tumor growth, but the mechanism of miR‑370 inhibits both the proliferation and metastatic ability for gastric cancer remains unclear. Accumulating evidence reported that PTEN signaling pathway plays an important role in the cellular processes, such as apoptosis, cell growth and proliferation. The goal of this study was to identify whether miR‑370 could inhibit the growth, migration, invasion, proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer through targeting PTEN. Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) was used to quantify miR-370 expression in vitro experiments. The biological functions of miR‑370 were determined via cell proliferation. Our study indicated that miR‑370 targeted PTEN leading to activation of apoptosis signaling and the cell proliferation of cervical cancer cells, ameliorating gastric cancer growth and progression. In addition, the combination of miR‑370 and PTEN inactivated AKT, MDM2 and mTOR while stimulated caspase-3, p53 and GSK3β expression, promoting apoptosis and suppressing proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Therefore, our study revealed the mechanistic links between miR‑370 and PTEN in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer through modulation of cell apoptosis and proliferation. Additionally, targeting miR‑370 could serve as a novel strategy for future gastric cancer therapy clinically.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of microRNA-370 promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation by targeting PTEN in human gastric cancer

Yang

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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“…This database is very important to researchers who are interested in recombinant enzybiotic design and is available online at http://biotechlab.fudan.edu.cn/database/EnzyBase/home.php. Similar report is available in LAMP database from very similar group of scientists [73][74][75][76].…”

Section: Enzybiotics a New Hope Against Mdr Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Heterogeneous Phyto-Antibiotics and Other Future Therapeutics Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria

Chakraborty¹

2019

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Phage therapy, enzybiotics, gene medicine and nanodrug-carriers are most vital components of modern research against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Genome evolution occurs due to environmental toxicities of various types where soil bacteria are in symbiosis with plant world who secret anti-metabolites against soil bacteria. Gut microbiome secrete vitamins required for our body where as intestinal cells synthesis interleukins and cytokines for symbiotic control of intestinal bacteria. Before the discovery of antibiotic in 1928, peoples trusted plant derived remedies against variety of illness described in Indian Sanskrit books like Charaka Samhita, Sasruta Samhita and Atharva Veda. AMR disease occurred due to repeated but uncontrolled use of antibiotics affecting gut microbiome who acquired many mdr genes in plasmids. We estimated that 40% of all river and sea water borne bacteria were ampicillin and to lesser extent tetracycline, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and streptomycin resistant. Where as <1% were multidrug-resistant and ~0.002% Enterobacteriaceae were meropenem, linezolid or amikacin resistant. MDR genes like amp, neo, tet, aac, cat, aph, aad, arr3, sul1, dhfr, inh, acrAB, mexAB, macAB and mtrCD were amplified with millions mutated isomers increasing all drugs MIC. We studied Indian medicinal plants and spices to get valuable cheap drugs where modified agriculture and/or tissue culture increased the drug concentration. We showed that MDR bacteria were sensitive to organic extract of Suregada multiflora roots, Cassia fistula bark, Jatropha gossypifolia roots as well as Indian spices Labanga and Derchini (MDR-Cure). TLC and HPLC purification as well as UV-VIS, MASS, NMR, FT-IR and XRD-Powder gave many distinct signatures of pure chemicals that also inhibited multidrug-resistant bacteria. Biological targets of 12 chemicals are under investigation targeting DNA Topoisomerase I, DNA Polymerase and RNA Polymerase of Escherichia coli. Indian Government has started Herbal Mission, Ganga Mission and various Plantation Programmes to curve MDR pathogenesis.

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“…Epigenetic modifications may provide an accessory source of fast-acting, reversible, and readily available phenotypic variation that can be directly shaped by both host and pathogen selection pressures ( 33 , 34 ). In this sense, while molecular biologists will focus on identifying and characterizing circumstances where miRNAs are acting as gene regulatory switches, bioinformaticians will have to deal with the prospect that a substantial fraction of all animal mRNAs could have their level of expression influenced by miRNA regulation ( 35 ). The miRNAs has been widely described in various pathological conditions caused by parasites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The miRNA 361-3p, a Regulator of GZMB and TNF Is Associated With Therapeutic Failure and Longer Time Healing of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by L. (viannia) braziliensis

et al. 2018

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L. (viannia) braziliensis infection causes American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL), with prolonged time to healing lesions. The potent inflammatory response developed by the host is important to control the parasite burden and infection however an unbalanced immunity may cooperate to the tissue damage observed. The range of mechanisms underlying the pathological responses associated with ATL still needs to be better understood. That includes epigenetic regulation by non-coding MicroRNAs (miRNAs), non-coding sequences around 22 nucleotides that act as post-transcriptional regulators of RNAs encoding proteins. The miRNAs have been associated with diverse parasitic diseases, including leishmaniasis. Here we evaluated miRNAs that targeted genes expressed in cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions (CL) by comparing its expression in both CL and normal skin obtained from the same individual. In addition, we evaluated if the miRNAs expression would be correlated with clinical parameters such as therapeutic failure, healing time as well as lesion size. The miR-361-3p and miR-140-3p were significantly more expressed in CL lesions compared to normal skin samples (p = 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, the miR-361-3p was correlated with both, therapeutic failure and healing time of disease (r = 0.6, p = 0.003 and r = 0.5, p = 0.007, respectively). In addition, complementary analysis shown that miR-361-3p is able to identify with good sensitivity (81.2%) and specificity (100%) patients who tend to fail initial treatment with pentavalent antimonial (Sbv). Finally, the survival analysis considering “cure” as the endpoint showed that the higher the expression of miR-361-3p, the longer the healing time of CL. Overall, our data suggest the potential of miR-361-3p as a prognostic biomarker in CL caused by L. braziliensis.

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MicroRNA Target and Gene Validation in Viruses and Bacteria

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

Upregulation of microRNA-370 promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation by targeting PTEN in human gastric cancer

Upregulation of microRNA-370 promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits proliferation by targeting PTEN in human gastric cancer

Heterogeneous Phyto-Antibiotics and Other Future Therapeutics Against Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria

The miRNA 361-3p, a Regulator of GZMB and TNF Is Associated With Therapeutic Failure and Longer Time Healing of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by L. (viannia) braziliensis

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