MicroRNA Signatures Associated with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Severity in Tracheal Aspirates of Preterm Infants

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a form of chronic lung disease that develops in neonates as a consequence of preterm birth, arrested fetal lung development, and inflammation. The incidence of BPD remains on the rise as a result of increasing survival of extremely preterm infants. Severe BPD contributes to significant health care costs and is associated with prolonged hospitalizations, respiratory infections, and neurodevelopmental deficits. In this study, we aimed to detect novel biomarkers of BPD severity. We collected tracheal aspirates (TAs) from preterm babies with mild/moderate (n = 8) and severe (n = 17) BPD, and we profiled the expression of 1048 miRNAs using a PCR array. Associations with biological pathways were determined with the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. We found 31 miRNAs differentially expressed between the two disease groups (2-fold change, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.05). Of these, 4 miRNAs displayed significantly higher expression levels, and 27 miRNAs had significantly lower expression levels in the severe BPD group when compared to the mild/moderate BPD group. IPA identified cell signaling and inflammation pathways associated with miRNA signatures. We conclude that TAs of extremely premature infants contain miRNA signatures associated with severe BPD. These may serve as potential biomarkers of disease severity in infants with BPD.

Functional Analysis of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia-Related Neuropeptides in Preterm Infants and miRNA-Based Diagnostic Model Construction

“…The exclusion criteria were as follows: (a) patients with no presumed clinical diagnosis, (b) patients with critical illnesses other than BPD, and (c) patients with incomplete RNA data, including transcriptional data of miRNA and mRNA. miRNAs that were coexpressed among the datasets, including GSE156055 [ 13 ], GSE165828 [ 14 ], and GSE108604 [ 15 ], were identified and subsequently analysed. The GSE156055 dataset includes miRNA profiles in tracheal aspirates (TAs) from 51 infants who underwent invasive mechanical ventilation.…”

Advances in the protection of intestinal mucosal barrier function by milk-derived miRNAs

“…[32][33][34] For example, miRNA-148a, the top three miRNAs in terms of abundance in bovine and human milk, can target binding to the SIRT1 gene, attenuate the inflammatory response caused by NF-κB activation, and prevent the development of Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). 35,36 miR-30b-5p and miR-146a inhibit the production of interleukin-3 and interferon, thereby increasing the number of regulatory T cells and promoting the development of the immune system in newborn animals, and also have the potential to prevent bovine milk protein allergy early in life. [37][38][39] Therefore, continued homology studies for miRNAs in milk from different livestock animals, especially the analysis of miRNAs species and content between human milk and bovine milk, will be of great value for the future improvement of infant formula, and the functional assessment of miRNAs in milk and milk products.…”

The Role of LSD1 and LSD2 in Cancers of the Gastrointestinal System: An Update

“…FOXD2-AS1 accumulates in GC and is upregulated in GC cells and positively correlates with large tumour size, advanced pathological stage, and poor prognosis [35,36]. Gene set enrichment analysis in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets revealed that cell cycle and DNA replicationassociated genes were enriched in patients with high FOXD2-AS1 expression [37]. Loss of FOXD2-AS1 function inhibited cell growth through cell cycle inhibition in GC, while upregulation of FOXD2-AS1 expression promoted cancer progression [38,39].…”