MicroRNA Signature in Melanoma: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

Ghafouri‐Fard, Soudeh; Gholipour, Mahdi; Taheri, Mohammad

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.608987

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 290 publications

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“…Also, miRNAs are critical in many cellular processes in tumor cells, from differentiation and proliferation to death, and are tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes [ 3 ]. Numerous studies in SKCM have shown that miRNAs are aberrantly expressed, modulating proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells [ 4 , 5 ]. Meanwhile, miRNAs not only are regulators for neoplasm biological characteristics but also influence tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhance immunotherapy response [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-100-5p Is a Novel Biomarker That Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

Zhang

Deng

Liang

et al. 2022

Stem Cells International

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Description. Cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is one of the most common skin malignancies. miR-100-5 has been found to highly express microRNAs in a variety of cancers. This is a novel biomarker to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cutaneous melanoma. However, its function and potential mechanisms in SKCM remain unknown. Objective. To better understand the role and underlying mechanisms of SKCM, we conducted bioinformatics analysis and in vivo experiments. Results. We found its role as a tumor suppressor gene in SKCM and its effect on prognosis. In addition, this study found that miR-100-5p had a bidirectional effect on SKCM microenvironment. After exploring the relationship between the two, it was found that tumors with intermediate miR-100-5p expression had the highest level of immune cell infiltration. In addition, the value of miR-100-5p was assessed by survival analysis, univariate Cox regression analysis, and nomogram prognostic prediction. Finally, we constructed a regulatory network to illustrate the regulatory relationship of miR-100-5p. Conclusions. In conclusion, the antitumor effect of miR-100-5p is revealed, and the present study is followed by a discussion of its molecular regulatory network, followed by novel insights into SKCM therapy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-100-5p Is a Novel Biomarker That Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

Zhang

Deng

Liang

et al. 2022

Stem Cells International

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“…However, in the era of personalised medicine, the relationship between aberrant miRNA profile and response to therapeutic regimens should be further evaluated. Therapeutic targeting of miRNAs can impact the natural history of melanoma by enhancing sensitivity to both standard therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors [189]. In particular, elevated levels of miRNA-221 have been identified in early melanomas, compared to healthy individuals.…”

Section: Micrornas (Mirnas) and Long Noncoding Rnas (Incrnas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not tumor specific and it is difficult to attribute whether changes in abundance are due to the cancer or to secondary conditions such as inflammation Droplet digital PCR [187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196] ctDNA: circulating tumor DNA; miRNAs: microRNAs; lncRNAs: long noncoding RNAs; UV: ultraviolet; LOH: loss of heterozygosity; PCR: Polymerase chain reaction; AS-PCR: allele-specific PCR; ARMS: allele-specific amplification refractory mutation system PCR; BEAMing: bead emulsification amplification and magnetics; NGS: next generation sequencing; Bi-PAP: mutation-specific bidirectional pyrophosphorolysis-activated polymerization.…”

Section: Micrornas (Mirnas) and Long Noncoding Rnas (Incrnas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Wide Spectrum of Melanoma Biomarkers

et al. 2021

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The use of biomarkers in medicine has become essential in clinical practice in order to help with diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of treatment response. Since Alexander Breslow’s original report on “melanoma and prognostic values of thickness”, providing the first biomarker for melanoma, many promising new biomarkers have followed. These include serum markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase and S100 calcium-binding protein B. However, as our understanding of the DNA mutational profile progresses, new gene targets and proteins have been identified. These include point mutations, such as mutations of the BRAF gene and tumour suppressor gene tP53. At present, only a small number of the available biomarkers are being utilised, but this may soon change as more studies are published. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review of melanoma biomarkers and their utility for current and, potentially, future clinical practice.

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“…Despite a substantial genetic contribution, epigenetic heterogeneity and plasticity are crucial hallmarks associated with melanoma progression and resistance formation. In particular, changes in miRNAs have been associated with melanoma [9]. miRNAs are small ~21-24-nucleotide-sized non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by either inhibiting mRNA translation [10][11][12][13] or by causing RNA degradation [14][15][16], generally by binding to the 3 untranslated region (3 UTR) of mRNAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Melanoma Progression

Lattmann

Levesque

2022

Cancers

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Cutaneous melanoma arises from a malignant transformation of the melanocytes in the skin. It is the deadliest form of skin cancer owing to its potential to metastasize. While recent advances in immuno-oncology have been successful in melanoma treatment, not all the patients respond to the treatment equally, thus individual pre-screening and personalized combination therapies are essential to stratify and monitor patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarker candidates to tackle these challenges. EVs are ~50–1000-nm-sized, lipid bilayer-enclosed spheres, which are secreted by almost all cell types, including cancer cells. Their cargo, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and metabolites, can be transferred to target cells. Thanks to these properties, EVs can both provide a multiplexed molecular fingerprint of the cell of origin and thus serve as potential biomarkers, or reveal pathways important for cancer progression that can be targeted pharmaceutically. In this review we give a general overview of EVs and focus on their impact on melanoma progression. In particular, we shed light on the role of EVs in shaping the tumor–stroma interactions that facilitate metastasis and summarize the latest findings on molecular profiling of EV-derived miRNAs and proteins that can serve as potential biomarkers for melanoma progression.

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MicroRNA Signature in Melanoma: Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

Cited by 33 publications

References 290 publications

miR-100-5p Is a Novel Biomarker That Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

miR-100-5p Is a Novel Biomarker That Suppresses the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Skin Cutaneous Melanoma

Unraveling the Wide Spectrum of Melanoma Biomarkers

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Melanoma Progression

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