microRNA signals cell fate

Raftopoulou, Myrto

doi:10.1038/ncb0206-112

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Hence, the miRNA pathway might be part of a mechanism that makes stem cells insensitive to environmental signals that normally stop the cell cycle at the G1/S transition [66]. In addition, miRNAs signal cell fate [67] and stem cell phenotype [68]. …”

Section: Mirna Regulation Of Stem Cell Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromanaging Vascular Biology: Tiny MicroRNAs Play Big Band

et al. 2009

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Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are estimated to regulate 30% of the human genome primarily through translational repression. In 2005–2008, the first series of observations establishing the key significance of miRNAs in the regulation of vascular biology came from experimental studies involved in arresting miRNA biogenesis to deplete the miRNA pools of vascular tissues and cells. Dicer-dependent biogenesis of miRNA is required for blood vessel development during embryogenesis and wound healing. miRNAs regulate redox signaling in endothelial cells, a key regulator of vascular cell biology. miRNAs that regulate angiogenesis include miRNA 17–5p, cluster 17–92, 21, 27a&b, 126, 130a, 210, 221, 222, 378 and the let7 family. miRNAs also represent a new therapeutic target for the treatment of proliferative vascular diseases as well as hypertension. Evidence supporting the regulation of inducible adhesion molecules by miRNA supports a role of miRNAs in regulating vascular inflammation. Productive strategies to safely up-regulate as well as down-regulate miRNAs in vivo are in place and being tested for their value in disease intervention. Prudent targeting of non-coding genes such as miRNAs, which in turn regulates large sets of coding genes, holds promise in gene therapy. Recent developments in miRNA biology offer lucrative opportunities to manage vascular health.

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Section: Mirna Regulation Of Stem Cell Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromanaging Vascular Biology: Tiny MicroRNAs Play Big Band

et al. 2009

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“…Interestingly, in another study, prebound enhancer transcription factors were found to initiate chromatin opening events without the need of chromatinremodeling factors, by histone fold contacts of their C-terminal transactivation domain with histone H3 and H4 [213,214]. How patterns of prebound enhancer factors are established during cell fate development is less well understood and is a major hot topic in the epigenetic field today [12,[215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224].…”

Section: From Enhanceosome To Histone Codementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Remedies by Dietary Phytochemicals Against Inflammatory Skin Disorders: Myth or Reality?

Berghe¹,

Haegeman²

2010

CDM

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While many botanicals have been used during thousands of years in various cultures for the treatment of several inflammatory conditions, wound healing or preserving skin beauty, their active ingredients and their mechanisms of action are less well characterized. It is known that throughout life, environmental conditions and dietary compounds influence gene expression. Only recently it has been observed that exposure to specific phytochemicals can affect gene expression via reversible epigenetic mechanisms and gets recorded in our "epigenome" through life. Epigenetics refers to heritable phenotypical differences or changes in gene expression that are not attributable to changes in DNA sequence, but rather depend on variations in DNA methylation, chromatin structure or microRNA profiles. As such, our dietary epigenetic imprint superposed on our genome may rewire gene expression patterns in the body and the host immune system, and protect against inflammatory disorders, cancer and ageing. This has recently launched reexploration of nutritional, botanical or phytopharmaceutical compounds for epigenetic effects to identify promising nutraceuticals or cosmeceuticals which could (re)program stem cell differentiation, wound healing, skin regeneration, tissue homeostasis, or "correct" epigenetic marks responsible for inflammatory skin disorders and ageing.

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“…Hence, the miRNA pathway might be part of a mechanism that makes stem cells insensitive to environmental signals that normally stop the cell cycle at the G1/S transition [30]. In addition, miRNAs signal cell fate [62] and stem cell phenotype [1].…”

Section: Mirna Regulation Of Stem Cell Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

microRNA in Cutaneous Wound Healing

Sen

Roy

2008

Current Perspectives in microRNAs (miRNA)

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Repair of a defect in the human skin is a highly orchestrated physiological process involving numerous factors that act in a temporally resolved synergistic manner to re-establish barrier function by regenerating new skin. The inducible expression and repression of genes represents a key component of this process. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are powerful regulators of gene expression yet their significance in tissue repair remains largely unknown. Recent estimates suggest that the number of unique miRNA genes in humans exceeds 1000, and may be as high as 20,000. miRNAs are functionally versatile, with the capacity to specifically inhibit translation initiation or elongation, as well as, induce mRNA destabilization, through predominantly targeting the 3'-untranslated regions of mRNA. In this chapter, we address the potential significance of miRNA in cutaneous wound healing. The following specific areas related to cutaneous wound healing are addressed: skin structure and function, stem cell biology, infection, immunity, inflammation, angiogenesis and extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we discuss opportunities for miRNA-based therapeutics in addressing chronic wounds as a major public health concern in the United States and globally.

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microRNA signals cell fate

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Micromanaging Vascular Biology: Tiny MicroRNAs Play Big Band

Micromanaging Vascular Biology: Tiny MicroRNAs Play Big Band

Epigenetic Remedies by Dietary Phytochemicals Against Inflammatory Skin Disorders: Myth or Reality?

microRNA in Cutaneous Wound Healing

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