MicroRNA Shuttle from Cell-To-Cell by Exosomes and Its Impact in Cancer

Schwarzenbach, Heidi; Gahan, P. B.

doi:10.3390/ncrna5010028

Cited by 81 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…And among various prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers, miRNA has emerged as a powerful biomarker for the detection, treatment, and monitoring of response to therapy in cancer . Especially, exosomes provide shuttle cargos for transferring microRNA from cell‐to‐cell and leading to abnormal expression of genes, resulting in tumorigenesis and cancer development . For example, natural killer‐derived exosomal miR‐186 inhibits neuroblastoma growth and immune escape .…”

Section: Disccussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miRNA‐1231 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibits the activity of pancreatic cancer

et al. 2019

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Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant tumor with increased morbidity and mortality, which is difficult to diagnose and cure in the clinic. Through secreting exosomes containing biological molecules, including diverse RNAs and proteins, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) influence the immunity, inflammation, tumor environment, and cancer metastasis. In this study, low expression of miRNA‐1231 (miR‐1231) in exosomes derived from the peripheral blood was significantly correlated with the TNM stage of PC, suggesting the potential inhibitory effect of exosomal miR‐1231 on PC occurrence and development. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion to the matrix of PC cells BxPC‐3 and PANC‐1 were negatively regulated by exosomes derived from the supernatants of BM‐MSCs that transfected with miR‐1231 oligonucleotides. Simultaneously, tumor growth in vivo was seriously restrained in BALB/C nude mice by tail vein injection with exosomes originated from BM‐MSCs that transfected with miR‐1231 mimics. The exosomes extracted from BM‐MSCs with high level of miR‐1231 inhibit the activity of PC, providing the potential application for developing new and efficient medicine for cancer therapy, especially for PC treatment. The exosomal miR‐1231 of peripheral blood may also be a potential indicator for PC diagnosis in the future.

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Section: Disccussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miRNA‐1231 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibits the activity of pancreatic cancer

et al. 2019

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“…The allelic loss, copy number aberrations, mutations, and methylations of CSMD1 have been detected in various malignant tumours such as head and neck tumor, colorectal cancers, liver cancer, and so on [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Besides, it has been proved that the change of microRNA expression and dysfunction play an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis by regulating target genes and pathways, subsequently resulting in the alteration of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells [17][18][19]. Therefore, the molecular mechanism underlying the microRNAs-driven deregulation of CSMD1 contributing to GC metastases need to be urgently unraveled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MicroRNA is a small single-stranded non-coding RNA, that is a post-transcriptional negative regulator that binds completely or partly to the complementary sites in the 3′-untranslated region (3′UTR) of target mRNAs [17][18][19]. Accumulating evidence has shown that miRNAs can modulate tumor growth, metastasis, and progression by regulating multiple target genes [20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deregulation of CSMD1 targeted by microRNA-10b drives gastric cancer progression through the NF-κB pathway

et al. 2019

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Aim:This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic activity of microRNA-10b by targeting CUB and sushi multiple domains protein 1 (CSMD1) in human gastric cancer (GC) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: The expression of CSMD1 in human GC tissues was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analysis. The expressive abundance of microRNA-10b was detected by stem-loop RT-PCR. Molecular and cellular techniques, including lentiviral vector-mediated knockdown or overexpression, were used to elucidate the effect of microRNA-10b on the expression of CSMD1. Results: CSMD1 was targeted and downregulated by microRNA-10b in human GC tissues and cells, and the down-regulated expression of CSMD1 contributed to poor survival. The knockdown of microRNA-10b expression inhibited cell proliferation in GC cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. The inhibition of microRNA-10b expression repressed invasion and migration of HGC27 cells and retarded GC cells metastasis to the liver in Balb/c nude mice. The up-regulated expression of microRNA-10b promoted the proliferation and metastasis of MKN74 cell in vitro. Intratumoral injection of microRNA-10b mimic also promoted the growth and metastasis of tumor xenografts in Balb/c nude mice. Mechanistically, microRNA-10b promoted the invasion and metastasis of human GC cells through inhibiting the expression of CSMD1, leading to the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway that links inflammation to carcinogenesis, subsequently resulting in the upregulation of c-Myc, cyclin D1 (CCND1), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Conclusions: The findings established that microRNA-10b is an oncomiR that drives metastasis. Moreover, a set of critical tumor suppressor mechanisms was defined that microRNA-10b overcame to drive human GC progression.

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“…For example, it will be interesting to elucidate how a released miRNA is able to specifically reach its cellular target within the complex tumor microenvironment. In this situation, a more complex ECmiRNAs uptake system than the random endocytosis, micropinocytosis, or phagocytosis should be hypothesized [205,206]. The expression of specific molecules on the surface of membrane vesicles, such as glycolipids or lipoproteins, could facilitate the binding to specific receptors on the membrane of the targeted cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Influencers of Cell–Cell Communication in Tumor Microenvironment

Conti

Varano

Simioni

et al. 2020

Cells

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microRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level, inducing the degradation of the target mRNA or translational repression. MiRNAs are involved in the control of a multiplicity of biological processes, and their absence or altered expression has been associated with a variety of human diseases, including cancer. Recently, extracellular miRNAs (ECmiRNAs) have been described as mediators of intercellular communication in multiple contexts, including tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells cooperate with stromal cells and elements of the extracellular matrix (ECM) to establish a comfortable niche to grow, to evade the immune system, and to expand. Within the tumor microenvironment, cells release ECmiRNAs and other factors in order to influence and hijack the physiological processes of surrounding cells, fostering tumor progression. Here, we discuss the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of multicomplex diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, obesity, and cancer, focusing on the contribution of both intracellular miRNAs, and of released ECmiRNAs in the establishment and development of cancer niche. We also review growing evidence suggesting the use of miRNAs as novel targets or potential tools for therapeutic applications.

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MicroRNA Shuttle from Cell-To-Cell by Exosomes and Its Impact in Cancer

Cited by 81 publications

References 156 publications

Exosomal miRNA‐1231 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibits the activity of pancreatic cancer

Exosomal miRNA‐1231 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibits the activity of pancreatic cancer

Deregulation of CSMD1 targeted by microRNA-10b drives gastric cancer progression through the NF-κB pathway

miRNAs as Influencers of Cell–Cell Communication in Tumor Microenvironment

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