MicroRNA reins in embryonic and cancer stem cells

Mallick, Bibekanand; Chakrabarti, Jayprokas; Ghosh, Zhumur

doi:10.4161/rna.8.3.14497

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Release 19 of the miRBase database contains more than 2200 mature miRNA sequences for human [2]. Aberrant miRNA expression was shown related to the generation of cancer stem cells and the tumour genesis [3-5]. Microarray-based technologies have routinely been used for profiling molecular expression in cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel microRNA regulatory pathways associated with heterogeneous prostate cancer

et al. 2013

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BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are potential regulators that contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer. Microarray technologies have been widely used to characterize aberrant miRNA expression patterns in cancer. Nevertheless, the miRNAs expression signatures identified for a same cancer differs among laboratories due to the cancer heterogeneity. In addition, how the deregulated miRNAs coordinately contribute to the tumourigenic process of prostate cancer remains elusive.ResultsWe evaluated five outlier detection algorithms that take into account the heterogeneity of cancer samples. ORT was selected as the best method and applied to four prostate cancer associated microRNA expression datasets. After microRNA target prediction and pathway enrichment mapping, 38 Gene Ontology terms, 16 KEGG pathways and 99 GeneGO pathways are found putative prostate cancer associated. Comparison with our previous studies, we identified two putative novel pathways important in prostate cancer. The two novel pathways are 1) ligand-independent activation of ESR1 and ESR2 and 2) membrane-bound ESR1: interaction with growth factors signalling.ConclusionsWe proved that expression signatures of at the pathway level well address the cancer heterogeneity and are more consistent than at the miRNA/gene levels. Based on this observation, we identified putative novel microRNA regulatory pathways which will help us to elucidate the cooperative function of different microRNAs in prostate cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of novel microRNA regulatory pathways associated with heterogeneous prostate cancer

et al. 2013

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“…For example, hypermethylation at the promoters of SUZ12 gene targets was observed in CD24 + cells, but not in CD44 + /CD24 −/low cells, indicating that acquired DNA methylation may result in permanent silencing of SUZ12 targets during mammary epithelial differentiation (BloushtainQimron et al, 2008). The key roles played by miRNAs in the proper maintenance of CSCs have been revealed recently (Mallick et al, 2011). Regulation of miRNA expression might induce the transformation of a lineage-restricted cell into a CSC (Greene et al, 2010).…”

Section: Epigenetic Regulation Of Breast Cscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic and metabolic regulation of breast cancer stem cells

Liu

Dong

2015

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B

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Abstract:Breast cancer has a relatively high mortality rate in women due to recurrence and metastasis. Increasing evidence has identified a rare population of cells with stem cell-like properties in breast cancer. These cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSCs), which have the capacity for self-renewal and differentiation, contribute significantly to tumor progression, recurrence, drug resistance and metastasis. Clarifying the mechanisms regulating breast CSCs has important implications for our understanding of breast cancer progression and therapeutics. A strong connection has been found between breast CSCs and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, recent studies suggest that the maintenance of the breast CSC phenotype is associated with epigenetic and metabolic regulation. In this review, we focus on recent discoveries about the connection between EMT and CSC, and advances made in understanding the roles and mechanisms of epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming in controlling breast CSC properties.

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“…miRNAs are involved in various biological processes by affecting the expression of target genes [30]. Recent studies show that a number of miRNAs are involved in the self-renewal and pluripotency capacities of various stem cell types [50]–[52]. However, the identification of specific miRNAs and their potential regulatory effects on MSC proliferation and apoptosis remain unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Hedgehog on the RNA-Binding Protein Msi1 in the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Hong

Kang

2013

PLoS ONE

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Human umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential tools for regenerative medicine due to their capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. As MSCs are found in very small numbers in various tissues, in vitro cell expansion is an essential step that is needed before these cells can be used in clinical applications. Therefore, it is important to identify and characterize factors that are involved in MSC proliferation and apoptosis. In the present study, we focused on Hedgehog (Hh) signaling because several studies have proposed that Hh signaling plays a critical role in controlling the proliferation of stem and progenitor cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects on the proliferation and apoptosis of MSCs remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the direct effects of Hh signaling on the proliferation and apoptosis of hUCB-MSCs as well as investigated potential downstream regulatory mechanisms that may be responsible for Hh signaling. We observed that the Hedgehog agonist purmorphamine enhanced cell proliferation and suppressed apoptosis through the RNA-binding protein Msi1 by regulating the expression of an oncoprotein (i.e., c-Myc), a cell cycle regulatory molecule (i.e., p21CIP1,WAF1 ) and two microRNAs (i.e., miRNA-148a and miRNA-148b). This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating the self-renewal capability of MSCs with relevance to clinical applications.

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MicroRNA reins in embryonic and cancer stem cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 94 publications

Identification of novel microRNA regulatory pathways associated with heterogeneous prostate cancer

Identification of novel microRNA regulatory pathways associated with heterogeneous prostate cancer

Epigenetic and metabolic regulation of breast cancer stem cells

The Effects of Hedgehog on the RNA-Binding Protein Msi1 in the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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