MicroRNA-loaded biomaterials for osteogenesis

Abstract

The large incidence of bone defects in clinical practice increases not only the demand for advanced bone transplantation techniques but also the development of bone substitute materials. A variety of emerging bone tissue engineering materials with osteogenic induction ability are promising strategies for the design of bone substitutes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that regulate intracellular protein expression by targeting the non-coding region of mRNA3′-UTR to play an important role in osteogenic differentiation. Several miRNA preparations have been used to promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Therefore, multiple functional bone tissue engineering materials using miRNA as an osteogenic factor have been developed and confirmed to have critical efficacy in promoting bone repair. In this review, osteogenic intracellular signaling pathways mediated by miRNAs are introduced in detail to provide a clear understanding for future clinical treatment. We summarized the biomaterials loaded with exogenous cells engineered by miRNAs and biomaterials directly carrying miRNAs acting on endogenous stem cells and discussed their advantages and disadvantages, providing a feasible method for promoting bone regeneration. Finally, we summarized the current research deficiencies and future research directions of the miRNA-functionalized scaffold. This review provides a summary of a variety of advanced miRNA delivery system design strategies that enhance bone regeneration.

Surgical suction filter-derived bone graft displays osteogenic miRNA and mRNA patterns

“…Additionally, it targeted Suppressor of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic (SMAD) Specific E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase 1, an upstream inhibitor of SMAD7/B-Cell Lymphoma 2 signalling, thereby having an osteoprotective function [ 26 ]. Apart from that, its close family member, miR-148b, promotes osteogenic differentiation and is currently under research for its potential application in biomaterials for bone reconstruction [ 27 ]. Contradictory, in vitro work by Liu et al .…”

MiR-34a-Functionalized Hydroxyapatite by Lyophilization Promoted Bone Regeneration in Irradiated Bone Defects

“…MiRNA-loaded biomaterials exhibit excellent biosafety and could efectively promote bone regeneration [23,24]. Inorganic biomaterials such as metal materials [16,25] and calcium orthophosphate [26,27] could load miRNA by surface coating and provide mechanical support in bone defects.…”

Colorimetric sensing for translational applications: from colorants to mechanisms

“…Ling et al developed specific and sensitive immunochromatographic test strips using an anti-toxin monoclonal antibody, gold nanoflower (AuNF), and latex microsphere (LM) probes. 282 These POC test strips exhibited a linear detection range of 9.5–331.0 ng mL −1 for AuNF and 5.4–443.2 ng mL −1 for LM, with respective limits of detection of 9.5 ng mL −1 and 5.4 ng mL −1 .…”