MicroRNA Function in Human Diseases

Natarajan, Sathish Kumar; Smith, Mary Anne; Wehrkamp, Cody J.; Mohr, Ashley M.; Mott, Justin L.

doi:10.1159/000356447

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Among these only four of them (miR-185, miR199a-3p, miR-214 and miR-490) were shown to be similarly altered in liver tissue and circulation [ 29 ]. This suggests that circulating microRNAs are not solely from liver damage; another major source of circulating microRNAs was blood cells [ 30 , 31 ]. A recent analysis of patients with diabetes showed that there was a difference in the levels of circulating microRNAs between platelet-rich plasma and platelet-poor plasma suggesting that platelets are substantial contributors of microRNA in the circulation [ 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Circulating Micrornas In Aldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microRNAs in Alcohol-Induced Multi-Organ Injury

2015

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Alcohol consumption and its abuse is a major health problem resulting in significant healthcare cost in the United States. Chronic alcoholism results in damage to most of the vital organs in the human body. Among the alcohol-induced injuries, alcoholic liver disease is one of the most prevalent in the United States. Remarkably, ethanol alters expression of a wide variety of microRNAs that can regulate alcohol-induced complications or dysfunctions. In this review, we will discuss the role of microRNAs in alcoholic pancreatitis, alcohol-induced liver damage, intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, and brain damage including altered hippocampus structure and function, and neuronal loss, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and muscle damage. Further, we have reviewed the role of altered microRNAs in the circulation, teratogenic effects of alcohol, and during maternal or paternal alcohol consumption.

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Section: Circulating Micrornas In Aldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of microRNAs in Alcohol-Induced Multi-Organ Injury

2015

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“…During the past decades, several miRNAs have been described to modulate cholangiocyte proliferation, like let-7a, miR-21, -26a, -34a, -421, and -494. [62][63][64] Some recent reports reveal that miRNAs likely promote cell growth via regulation of receptor tyrosine kinase and MAPK signaling, particularly in CCA. One of these miRNAs, miR-376c, was found to be significantly downregulated in CCA cell lines compared with a normal bile duct epithelial cell line.…”

Section: Cholangiocyte Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs and Benign Biliary Tract Diseases

et al. 2015

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Cholangiocytes, the epithelial cells lining the biliary tree, represent only a small portion of the total liver cell population (3–5%), but they are responsible for the secretion of up to 40% of total daily bile volume. In addition, cholangiocytes are the target of a diverse group of liver diseases affecting the biliary tract, the cholangiopathies; for most of these conditions, the pathological mechanisms are unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression. Thus, it is not surprising that altered miRNA profiles underlie the dysregulation of several proteins involved in the pathobiology of the cholangiopathies, as well as showing promise as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Here the authors review recent work relevant to the role of miRNAs in the etiopathogenesis of several of the cholangiopathies (i.e., fibroinflammatory cholangiopathies and polycystic liver diseases), discuss their value as prognostic and diagnostic tools, and provide suggestions for further research.

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“…As in other malignancies, microRNA dysregulation in CCA has been associated with the repression of tumor suppressor genes and the upregulation of oncogenes, affecting a myriad of cellular processes and phenotypes including proliferation, apoptosis and stress resistance, migration, invasion, and epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT). Indeed, multiple microRNAs are dysregulated in CCA [5, 6] and several have validated molecular targets (Table 1). Much of the recent work has focused on examining molecular targets and pathophysiological outcomes of altered microRNA expression.…”

Section: Cholangiocarcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNAs in Cholangiopathies

et al. 2014

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Cholangiocytes, the cells lining bile ducts, comprise a small fraction of the total cellular component of the liver, yet perform the essential role of bile modification and transport of biliary and blood constituents. Cholangiopathies are a diverse group of biliary disorders with the cholangiocyte as the target cell; the etiopathogenesis of most cholangiopathies remains obscure. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression. These small RNAs may not only be involved in the etiopathogenesis of disease, but are showing promise as diagnostic and prognostic tools. In this brief review, we summarize recent work regarding the role of microRNAs in the etiopathogenesis of several cholangiopathies, and discuss their utility as prognostic and diagnostic tools.

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MicroRNA Function in Human Diseases

Cited by 21 publications

References 69 publications

Role of microRNAs in Alcohol-Induced Multi-Organ Injury

Role of microRNAs in Alcohol-Induced Multi-Organ Injury

MicroRNAs and Benign Biliary Tract Diseases

MicroRNAs in Cholangiopathies

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