microRNA: Diagnostic Perspective

Faruq, Omar; Vecchione, Andrea

doi:10.3389/fmed.2015.00051

Cited by 60 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…These molecules are responsible for the regulation of various physiological processes and alterations in their expression levels can reflect different pathological conditions. Moreover, miRNAs are stable, and they can be quantified by different molecular techniques (32,33), such as qRT-PCR (33,34). Due to their diagnostic potential, miRNAs were evaluated as biomarkers in several pathological conditions like infectious diseases (38,39).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Leprosy

et al. 2017

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Leprosy is an important cause of disability in the developing world. Early diagnosis is essential to allow for cure and to interrupt transmission of this infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important factors for host-pathogen interaction and they have been identified as biomarkers for various infectious diseases. The expression profile of 377 microRNAs were analyzed by TaqMan low-density array (TLDA) in skin lesions of tuberculoid and lepromatous leprosy patients as well as skin specimens from healthy controls. In a second step, 16 microRNAs were selected for validation experiments with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) in skin samples from new individuals. Principal-component analysis followed by logistic regression model and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of selected miRNAs. Four patterns of differential expression were identified in the TLDA experiment, suggesting a diagnostic potential of miRNAs in leprosy. After validation experiments, a combination of four miRNAs (miR-101, miR-196b, miR-27b, and miR-29c) was revealed as able to discriminate between healthy control and leprosy patients with 80% sensitivity and 91% specificity. This set of miRNAs was also able to discriminate between lepromatous and tuberculoid patients with a sensitivity of 83% and 80% specificity. In this work, it was possible to identify a set of miRNAs with good diagnostic potential for leprosy.KEYWORDS biomarker, leprosy, miRNA L eprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. The infection affects primarily the skin and can cause damage to peripheral nerves, mucosa, and other organs, including liver and eyes. Leprosy is classified as a neglected tropical disease and remains one of the main causes of disability in the world (1-3). According to a World Health Organization (WHO) report including data from 138 countries, 211,974 newly diagnosed patients were notified in the year 2015 and 96% of them were reported from 22 countries, including Brazil (4).Leprosy presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations depending on the host immune response against M. leprae. It can be classified according to histopathological (Ridley-Jopling) criteria into different forms across two opposing poles: a so-called resistance pole responsible for a localized form of the disease (tuberculoid tuberculoid [TT]) and a susceptibility pole that is a disseminated form, which leads to the development of more severe clinical manifestations (lepromatous leprosy [LL]). There are also three intermediate and unstable forms: borderline tuberculoid (BT), borderline

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…miRNAs have also been identified as endogenous molecules with differential expression profiles under pathological conditions. Due to their characteristic and stability, they have been suggested as potential disease biomarkers (31,32).…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Leprosy

et al. 2017

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“…Studies have shown that miRNAs appear to be the most important biomarker for acute and prognostic disease assessment as well as therapeutic agents for cardiovascular diseases. It is believed that miRNAs could be used as highly sensitive early diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for many cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertension and stroke as well as cancer, and was reviewed and published recently [26, 71]. In heart failure patients, miRNA-423-5p is highly expressed in the blood irrespective of age and gender and might be a sensitive biomarker for heart diseases [83].…”

Section: Mirna In Diagnosis and Their Clinical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA: A new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases

Samanta

Balasubramanian

Rajasingh

et al. 2016

Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine

109

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Myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis and hypertension are the most common heart-related diseases that affect both the heart and the blood vessels. Multiple independent risk factors have been shown to be responsible for cardiovascular diseases. The combination of a healthy diet, exercise and smoking cessation keeps these risk factors in check and helps maintain homeostasis. The dynamic monolayer endothelial cell integrity and cell-cell communication are the fundamental mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis. Recently, it has been revealed that small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a critical role in regulation of genes involved in either posttranscriptional or pretranslational modifications. They also control diverse biological functions like development, differentiation, growth, and metabolism. Among ncRNAs, the short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been extensively studied, but their specific functions remain largely unknown. In recent years, miRNAs are efficiently studied as one of the important candidates for involvement in most biological processes and have been implicated in many human diseases. Thus, the identification and the respective targets of miRNAs may provide novel molecular insight and new therapeutic strategies to treat diseases. This review summarizes the recent developments and insight on the role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease prognosis, diagnostic and clinical applications.

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“…MicroRNAs have the potential to become accurate, easily measurable biomarkers, with features fortuitous for diagnostic testing methods, such as stability in FFPE tissue, blood and perhaps other bodily fluids (21).…”

Section: Patients Below Patients Abovementioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue microRNAs as predictive markers for gastric cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy

Šmíd

Kulda

Srbecka

et al. 2016

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract.MicroRNAs have the potential to become valuable predictive markers for gastric cancer. Samples of biopsy tissue, routinely taken from gastric cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy, constitute suitable material for microRNA profiling with the aim of predicting the effect of chemotherapy. Our study group consisted of 54 patients, all of whom underwent palliative chemotherapy based on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or 5-FU in combination with platinum derivatives between 2000 and 2013. The expression of 29 selected microRNAs and genes BRCA1, ERCC1, RRM1 and TS, in gastric cancer tissue macrodissected from FFPE tissue samples, was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. The relationship between gene expression levels and time to progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) was analysed. From the set of the 29 microRNAs of interest, we found high expression of miR-150, miR-342-3p, miR-181b, miR-221, miR-224 and low levels of miR-520h relate to shorter TTP. High levels of miR-150, miR-192, miR-224, miR-375 and miR-342-3p related to shorter OS. In routinely available FFPE tissue samples, we found 6 miRNAs with a relation to TTP, which may serve as predictors of the effectiveness of palliative treatment in gastric cancer patients. These miRNAs could also help in deciding whether to indicate palliative chemotherapy.

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microRNA: Diagnostic Perspective

Cited by 60 publications

References 101 publications

Characterization of MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Leprosy

Characterization of MicroRNA Expression Profiles and Identification of Potential Biomarkers in Leprosy

MicroRNA: A new therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases

Tissue microRNAs as predictive markers for gastric cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy

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