“…miRNAs have been shown to be involved in various biological process including proliferation, differentiation, development, and development of diseases such as cancers and organ injuries (Li & Kowdley, 2012; Pavkovic & Vaidya, 2016; Peng & Croce, 2016; Yokoi & Nakajima, 2013). Extracellular miRNAs have received increasing attention in the past decade as biomarkers for cancers and organ injuries (Harrill et al, 2016; Sohel, 2020) because miRNAs are relatively stable for hours in the body fluid including plasma/serum, saliva, semen, and urine (Weber et al, 2010). This is because they are encapsulated in exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies (Bayraktar et al, 2017) and are associated with RNA‐binding proteins, including high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) (Vickers et al, 2011), argonaute 2 (Arroyo et al, 2011), or nucleophosmin 1 (Wang et al, 2010).…”