MicroRNA‐29a Compromises Hepatic Adiposis and Gut Dysbiosis in High Fat Diet‐Fed Mice via Downregulating Inflammation

Abstract

Scope: miR-29a expression patterns influence numerous physiological phenomena. Of note, upregulation of miR-29a ameliorates high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver dysfunctions in mice. However, the miR-29a effect on gut microbiome composition and HFD-induced gut microbiota changes during metabolic disturbances remains unclear. The study provides compelling evidence for the protective role of miR-29a in gut barrier dysfunction and steatohepatitis. Methods and results: miR-29a overexpressed mice (miR-29aTg) are bred to characterize intestinal, serum biochemical, and fecal microbiota profiling features compared to wild-type mice (WT). Mice are fed an HFD for 8 months to induce steatohepatitis, and intestinal dysfunction is determined via histopathological analysis. miR-29aTg has better lipid metabolism capability that decreases total cholesterol and triglyceride levels in serum than WT of the same age. The study further demonstrates that miR-29aTg contributes to intestinal integrity by maintaining periodic acid Schiff positive cell numbers and diversity of fecal microorganisms. HFD-induced bacterial community disturbance and steatohepatitis result in more severe WT than miR-29aTg. Gut microorganism profiling reveals Lactobacillus, Ruminiclostridium_9, and Lachnoclostridium enrichment in miR-29aTg and significantly decreases interleukin-6 expression in the liver and intestinal tract. Conclusion: This study provides new evidence that sheds light on the host genetic background of miR-29a, which protects against steatohepatitis and other intestinal disorders.

Consumption of dietary turmeric promotes fat browning and thermogenesis in association with gut microbiota regulation in high-fat diet-fed mice

“…41 At the genus level, TP also enhanced the abundance of Muribaculaceae , Bifidobacterium and Candidatus_Saccharimonas and reduced the abundance of Lactobacillus , Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Romboutsia , where most of these bacteria were reported to be prominently disordered in patients with adiposis. 6,14,42 For example, Li et al reported the modulatory effects of Tyrosol from olive oil on BAT thermogenesis and WAT browning, which was associated with the increased relative abundance of Muribaculaceae and Lachnospiraceae_bacterium_28_4 and a lowered ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes . 43 Fu Brick Tea polysaccharides activated BAT by regulating SCFAs, accompanied by enhanced relative abundances of Parabacteroides , Akkermansia , and Bifidobacterium .…”

MicroRNA-29a Mitigates Laminectomy-Induced Spinal Epidural Fibrosis and Gait Dysregulation by Repressing TGF-β1 and IL-6

“…The miR-29a family has been recognized as a pleiotropic molecule that serves various physiological functions. Our previous research discussed the expression and regulation mechanism of miR-29a in various diseases, such as liver injury/fibrosis [44,45], diabetic nephropathy [21], osteoarthritis [46], and rotator cuff lesion [40], etc., and has proven that miR-29a significantly affects the expression of IL-6, TGF-β, Dnmt3b [47], TNFSF13b [26], FoXO-3 [48], COL3A1 [49], and more [50]. Regardless, ubiquitous expression of miR-29a has systemic regulation and a beneficial impact on various pathological processes throughout the body.…”