MicroRNA‑199a/b‑5p inhibits endometrial cancer cell metastasis and invasion by targeting <i>FAM83B</i> in the epithelial‑to‑mesenchymal transition signaling pathway

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common genital cancer in women with increasing death rates. MiRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression on the post-transcriptional levels. Multiple studies demonstrated a fundamental role of miRNAs in the regulation of carcinogenesis. This systematic review is a comprehensive overview of the role of miRNAs in the regulation of cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis in EC. The literature was searched for studies investigating the role of miRNAs in the regulation of invasiveness and metastasis in EC. We explored PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using the following keywords: miRNA, metastasis, invasiveness, endometrial cancer. Data were collected from 163 articles that described the expression and role of 106 miRNAs in the regulation of EC invasiveness and metastasis out of which 63 were tumor suppressor miRNAs, and 38 were oncomiRNAs. Five miRNAs had a discordant role in different studies. Moreover, we identified 66 miRNAs whose expression in tumor tissue or concentration in serum correlated with at least one clinical parameter. These findings suggest a crucial role of miRNAs in the regulation of EC invasiveness and metastasis and present them as potential prognostic factors for patients with EC.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of miRNAs in the Regulation of Endometrial Cancer Invasiveness and Metastasis—A Systematic Review

Klicka

Grzywa

Klinke

et al. 2021

“…miR-199a inhibits EC cell metastasis and invasion by targeting family with sequence similarity 83, member B (FAM83B) in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signaling pathway. Hence, overexpression of this miR could be associated with a better prognosis [87]. Patients with stage III-IV EC with miR-199a overexpression had longer median progression-free survival (13.3 versus 26.7 months, p < 0.048) and median overall survival (20 versus 40 months, p < 0.0068), even though the expression was not significantly different from controls [42].…”

Section: Mirs and Ec Prognosismentioning

confidence: 96%

Circulating and Endometrial Tissue microRNA Markers Associated with Endometrial Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Response to Treatment

Lara

Garza‐Veloz

Berthaúd-González

et al. 2023

In developed countries, endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common neoplasms of the female reproductive system. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of single-stranded noncoding RNA molecules with lengths of 19–25 nucleotides that bind to target messenger RNA (mRNA) to regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Although there is a large amount of research focused on identifying miRs with a diagnostic, prognostic, or response to treatment capacity in EC, these studies differ in terms of experimental methodology, types of samples used, selection criteria, and results obtained. Hence, there is a large amount of heterogeneous information that makes it difficult to identify potential miR biomarkers. We aimed to summarize the current knowledge on miRs that have been shown to be the most suitable potential markers for EC. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar without date restrictions or filters. We described 138 miRs with potential diagnostic, prognostic, or treatment response potential in EC. Seven diagnostic panels showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of EC than individual miRs. We further identified miRs up- or downregulated depending on the FIGO stage, precursor lesions, and staging after surgery, which provides insight into which miRs are expressed chronologically depending on the disease stage and/or that are modulated depending on the tumor grade based on histopathological evaluation.

“…Thus far, more than 150 miRNAs whose expression was downregulated in ECs and metastatic ECs (compared to normal endometrium) were found in databases. Under physiological conditions, miR 199a/b 5p inhibits EMT by regulating E cadherin, N cadherin, Snail, α smooth muscle actin, and vimentin expressions [ 32 ].…”

Section: Hormonal and Molecular Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metastases and Recurrence Risk Factors in Endometrial Cancer—The Role of Selected Molecular Changes, Hormonal Factors, Diagnostic Methods and Surgery Procedures

Markowska,

Baranowski,

Pityński

et al. 2023

The presence of metastatic endometrial cancer (EC) is a key problem in treatment failure associated with reduced overall survival rates. The most common metastatic location is the pelvic lymph nodes, and the least common is the brain. The presence of metastasis depends on many factors, including the molecular profile of cancer (according to the TCGA—Genome Atlas), the activity of certain hormones (estrogen, prolactin), and pro-inflammatory adipocytokines. Additionally, an altered expression of microRNAs affecting the regulation of numerous genes is also related to the spread of cancer. This paper also discusses the value of imaging methods in detecting metastases; the primary role is attributed to the standard transvaginal USG with the tumor-free distance (uTFD) option. The influence of diagnostic and therapeutic methods on EC spread is also described. Hysteroscopy, according to the analysis discussed above, may increase the risk of metastases through a fluid medium, mainly performed in advanced stages of EC. According to another analysis, laparoscopic hysterectomy performed with particular attention to avoiding risky procedures (trocar flushing, tissue traumatization, preserving a margin of normal tissue) was not found to increase the risk of EC dissemination.