“…To achieve proper molecular-level micromixing, researchers have explored various reactors, including microchannel reactors/mixers, microreactors with impinging jets and swirled flows, − rotating packed bed, helical tube reactor, dynamic inline rotor–stator mixer, gas–liquid vortex reactor, and rotor–stator spinning disk reactor . Among these, microchannel reactors, featured by dimensions ranging from several hundred micrometers to several millimeters, have garnered significant attention from both industry and academia. , The large specific surface area, good micromixing performance, and high mass/heat transfer efficiency make them versatile reactors for many fields, such as nanoparticle preparation, − polymerization, and chemical synthesis. ,, However, the absence of external mechanical energy input in microreactors leads to underdeveloped turbulence and limited chaotic advection, consequently compromising micromixing efficiency. To address this limitation, researchers have introduced external forces such as ultrasonic vibration, , gas agitation, − pressure pulses, magnetic fields, and the rotating flow field to intensify micromixing .…”