Micropumping of biofluids by alternating current electrothermal effects

Cheng, Cheng; Lian, Meng; Yang, Kai

doi:10.1063/1.2746413

Cited by 125 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Similar to those previously studied in eDEP [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], electrothermal flows in iDEP devices also arise from the action of the electric field (both DC and AC) on fluid inhomogeneities (predominantly electrical properties including conductivity and permittivity) formed in the constriction region due to Joule heating-induced temperature gradients. Figure 4 shows the numerically predicted temperature and electric field contours in the constriction region at 100 V DC/500 V AC.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Electrothermal fluid circulations can also take place in AC electrowetting when the frequency of the applied electric field is much greater than the typical frequency of electrode polarization [42,43]. Recently, electrothermal flow has been demonstrated to enhance microfluidic mixing [44] and immunoassays [45] and to pump biofluids [46,47] as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in insulator‐based dielectrophoresis

et al. 2011

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Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in insulator-based dielectrophoresisInsulator-based dielectrophoresis (iDEP) is an emerging technology that has been successfully used to manipulate a variety of particles in microfluidic devices. However, due to the locally amplified electric field around the in-channel insulator, Joule heating often becomes an unavoidable issue that may disturb the electroosmotic flow and affect the particle motion. This work presents the first experimental study of Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in a typical iDEP device, e.g. a constriction microchannel, under DC-biased AC voltages. A numerical model is also developed to simulate the observed flow pattern by solving the coupled electric, energy, and fluid equations in a simplified two-dimensional geometry. It is observed that depending on the magnitude of the DC voltage, a pair of counter-rotating fluid circulations can occur at either the downstream end alone or each end of the channel constriction. Moreover, the pair at the downstream end appears larger in size than that at the upstream end due to DC electroosmotic flow. These fluid circulations, which are reasonably simulated by the numerical model, form as a result of the action of the electric field on Joule heatinginduced fluid inhomogeneities in the constriction region.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in insulator‐based dielectrophoresis

et al. 2011

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“…Furthermore, in the high-conductivity fluid or cell culture medium, the layer of induced mobile charges becomes immensely compressed and loses its drag in the fluid. 32 ACET emerges from the interaction of an electric field with a temperature gradient and is especially suited for manipulating high conductivity fluids. 32 Although efficient ACET mixers were reported, several issues are remained to be addressed for the application in organs-on-a-chip systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 ACET emerges from the interaction of an electric field with a temperature gradient and is especially suited for manipulating high conductivity fluids. 32 Although efficient ACET mixers were reported, several issues are remained to be addressed for the application in organs-on-a-chip systems. Ng et al 33 reported a micromixer that can be operated from the ACEO (r ¼ 1 mS/m) to the ACET (r ¼ 500 mS/m) with the voltage of 20 V. Sasaki et al 23 designed a pair of coplanar electrodes with a sinusoidal interelectrode gap to mix the fluids (r ¼ 1.29 S/m) with the voltage of 30 V. Wu et al 34 used ACET 3-D electrodes to mix the fluids (r ¼ 0.2-1 S/m) with the voltage of 42-51.75 V. The electric conductivity of cell culture medium is around 1.7 S/m, which is beyond the upper limit of the previous study of the ACET micromixer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

et al. 2016

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Herein, we first describe a perfusion chip integrated with an AC electrothermal (ACET) micromixer to supply a uniform drug concentration to tumor cells. The inplane fluid microvortices for mixing were generated by six pairs of reconstructed novel ACET asymmetric electrodes. To enhance the mixing efficiency, the novel ACET electrodes with rotating angles of 0 , 30 , and 60 were investigated. The asymmetric electrodes with a rotating angle of 60 exhibited the highest mixing efficiency by both simulated and experimental results. The length of the mixing area is 7 mm, and the mixing efficiency is 89.12% (approximate complete mixing) at a voltage of 3 V and a frequency of 500 kHz. The applicability of our micromixer with electrodes rotating at 60 was demonstrated by the drug (tamoxifen) test of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) for five days, which implies that our ACET inplane microvortices micromixer has great potential for the application of drug induced rapid death of tumor cells and mixing of biomaterials in organs-on-a-chip systems. Published by AIP Publishing. [http://dx

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“…Kinetic pumps, on the other hand, do not require moving parts, and operate by converting kinetic sources into fluid momentum to drive flow. Common kinetic actuation methods include electrokinetic (EK), 15 magnetohydrodynamic, 16 electrochemical, 17 electrothermal, 18,19 and electrowetting. 20 EK flows are a popular class of low-volume, low-power micropumps, and can serve as a useful alternative to mechanical micropumps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contactless microfluidic pumping using microchannel-integrated carbon black composite membranes

Gagnon

2015

Biomicrofluidics

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The ability to pump and manipulate fluid at the micron-scale is a basic requirement for microfluidic platforms. Many current manipulation methods, however, require expensive and bulky external supporting equipment, which are not typically compatible for portable applications. We have developed a contactless metal electroosmotic micropump capable of pumping conductive buffers. The pump operates using two pairs of gallium metal electrodes, which are activated using an external voltage source and separated from a main flow channel by a thin micron-scale polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane. The thin contactless membrane allows for field penetration and electro-osmotic flow within the microchannel, but eliminates electrode damage and sample contamination commonly associated with traditional DC electro-osmotic pumps that utilize electrodes in direct contact with the working fluid. Our previous work has demonstrated the effectiveness of this method in pumping deionized water. However, due to the high resistivity of PDMS, this method proved difficult to apply towards manipulating conductive buffers. To overcome this limitation, we fabricated conductive carbon black (CB) powder directly into the contactless PDMS membranes. The increased electrical conductivity of the contactless PDMS membrane significantly increased micropump performance. Using a microfluidic T-channel device and an electro-osmotic flow model, we determined the influence that CB has on pump pressure for CB weight percents varying between 0 and 20. The results demonstrate that the CB increases pump pressure by two orders of magnitude and enables effective operations with conductive buffers. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. [http://dx

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Micropumping of biofluids by alternating current electrothermal effects

Cited by 125 publications

References 5 publications

Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in insulator‐based dielectrophoresis

Joule heating effects on electroosmotic flow in insulator‐based dielectrophoresis

In-plane microvortices micromixer-based AC electrothermal for testing drug induced death of tumor cells

Contactless microfluidic pumping using microchannel-integrated carbon black composite membranes

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