Microporous nano-activated carbon type I derived from orange peel and its application for Cr(VI) removal from aquatic environment

Nemr, Ahmed El; Aboughaly, Rawan M.; El-Sikaily, Amany; Ragab, Safaa; Masoud, Mamdouh S.; Ramadan, Mohamed

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-00995-5

Cited by 35 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Chemical activation uses higher temperatures, which make physical activation more efficient. As a result, improvements in activated carbon’s porous structure have been made when using a chemical activation approach [ 20 , 24 ]. The physical activation process is performed in two steps.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microporous Activated Carbon from Pisum sativum Pods Using Various Activation Methods and Tested for Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Water

El‐Nemr

Nemr²,

Hassaan³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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This work demonstrates the preparation of high-surface-area activated carbon (AC) from Pisum sativum pods using ZnCl2 and KOH as activating agents. The influence of CO2 and N2 gases during the carbonization process on the porosity of AC were studied. The highest specific surface area of AC was estimated at 1300 to 1500 m2/g, which presented characteristics of microporous materials. SEM micrographs revealed that chemical activation using an impregnation reagent ZnCl2 increases the porosity of the AC, which in turn leads to an increase in the surface area, and the SEM image showed that particle size diameter ranged between 48.88 and 69.95 nm. The performance of prepared AC for adsorption of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye was tested. The results showed that the adsorption percentage by AC (2.5 g/L) was equal to 94.76% after just 15 min, and the percentage of removal increased to be ~100% after 60 min. The maximum adsorption capacity was 473.93 mg g−1. A Langmuir model (LM) shows the best-fitted equilibrium isotherm, and the kinetic data fitted better to the pseudo-second-order and Film diffusion models. The removal of AO7 dye using AC from Pisum sativum pods was optimized using a response factor model (RSM), and the results were reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microporous Activated Carbon from Pisum sativum Pods Using Various Activation Methods and Tested for Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Water

El‐Nemr

Nemr²,

Hassaan³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…It was noticed in this study that at a fixed pH and adsorbent dose, increasing the initial Pb(II) ion concentration is associated with a decrease in the amount of adsorption (see Figure S6 ). This might be due to the blockage of the adsorbent’s active sites by the heavy metal ions (no free adsorption sites are available) [ 50 ]. For Cr(VI) ions, however, the behavior was not regular (increase was followed by decrease).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adsorption kinetics is important in wastewater treatment because it controls the solute removal rate, which at the same time controls the residence time of solute uptake at the solid–liquid interface [ 50 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Divalent Lead Ions on the Nitrogen-Enriched Chitosan-Based Activated Carbon

2021

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Optimizing the physicochemical properties of the chitosan-based activated carbon (Ch-ACs) can greatly enhance its performance toward heavy metal removal from contaminated water. Herein, Ch was converted into a high surface area (1556 m2/g) and porous (0.69 cm3/g) ACs with large content of nitrogen (~16 wt%) using K2CO3 activator and urea as nitrogen-enrichment agents. The prepared Ch-ACs were tested for the removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) at different pH, initial metal ions concentration, time, activated carbon dosage, and temperature. For Cr(VI), the best removal was at pH = 2, while for Pb(II) the best pH for its removal was in the range of 4–6. At 25 °C, the Temkin model gives the best fit for the adsorption of Cr(VI), while the Langmuir model was found to be better for Pb(II) ions. The kinetics of adsorption of both heavy metal ions were found to be well-fitted by a pseudo-second-order model. The findings show that the efficiency and the green properties (availability, recyclability, and cost effectiveness) of the developed adsorbent made it a good candidate for wastewaters treatment. As preliminary work, the prepared sorbent was also tested regarding the removal of heavy metals and other contaminations from real wastewater and the obtained results were found to be promising.

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“…Among these techniques, the adsorption technique has been the preferred method since it eliminates some disadvantages such as high equipment cost, toxic sludge, and other waste production seen in other methods [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Zeolite, activated carbon, chitosan, graphene, and agroforestry wastes are widely used in the treatment of Cr 6+ ions, a toxic heavy metal, from wastewater [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Activated carbon (AC) is one of the most famous and most efficacious adsorbents known in the world, but its expensiveness limits its widespread use [39][40][41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-SO prepared from pea peels by dehydration with sulfuric acid improves the adsorption of Cr6+ from water

El‐Nemr

Yılmaz

Ragab

et al. 2022

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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A new biochar was produced from pea peel residues by the dehydration process. The effect of the obtained new biochar on the ability to remove Cr6+ ions from the aqueous solution was investigated. Biochar-SO was obtained from pea peel by dehydration of biochar with 50% sulfuric acid. The obtained biochars were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR); Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET); Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH); thermogravimetric analysis (TGA); differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); scanning electron microscope (SEM); and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analyses. The optimum pH value for Cr6+ ion removal was determined as 1.48. The maximum removal percentage of Cr6+ ions was 90.74% for Biochar-SO of 100 mg·L−1 Cr6+ ions initial concentration and 1.0 g L−1 adsorbent dosage. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) of biochar-SO was 158.73 mg·g−1. The data obtained were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. In addition, the data obtained from these isotherm models were tested using different error functions (hybrid error function (HYBRID), average percent errors (APE), the sum of the absolute errors (EABS), chi-square error (X2), and Marquardt’s percent standard deviation (MPSD and the root mean square errors (RMS)) equations. It was the Freundlich isotherm model that best fits the experimental data of biochar-SO. Kinetic data were evaluated by pseudo–first-order (PFO), pseudo–second-order (PSO), Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The adsorption rate was primarily controlled by the PSO rate model with a good correlation (R2 = 1). The adsorption mechanism of biochar-SO to remove Cr6+ ions can be based on electrostatic interaction and ion exchange with exchangeable cations in biochar such as aluminum, silicon, and calcium ions for chromium. The results indicate that biochar-SO is a promising adsorbent for the adsorption of Cr6+ ions that can be employed repeatedly without substantial loss of adsorption effectiveness.

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Microporous nano-activated carbon type I derived from orange peel and its application for Cr(VI) removal from aquatic environment

Cited by 35 publications

References 82 publications

Microporous Activated Carbon from Pisum sativum Pods Using Various Activation Methods and Tested for Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Water

Microporous Activated Carbon from Pisum sativum Pods Using Various Activation Methods and Tested for Adsorption of Acid Orange 7 Dye from Water

Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Divalent Lead Ions on the Nitrogen-Enriched Chitosan-Based Activated Carbon

Biochar-SO prepared from pea peels by dehydration with sulfuric acid improves the adsorption of Cr6+ from water

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