Microplastics in the atmosphere of Ahvaz City, Iran

Abbasi, Sajjad; Jaafarzadeh, Neemat; Zahedi, Amir; Ravanbakhsh, Maryam; Abbaszadeh, Somayeh; Turner, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2022.02.044

Cited by 53 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…2 ). We found that our research data results are highly similar to the previous research results of researchers who measured the diameters of petrochemical plastics in atmospheric environments [ [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Characterization and quantification of microplastics in indoor environments

Zhai

Zheng

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Characterization and quantification of microplastics in indoor environments

Zhai

Zheng

et al. 2023

Heliyon

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“…The median indoor concentration is nearly one order of magnitude higher than that of outdoor air, indicating a greater risk of AMP exposure indoors given that people spend more time indoors. Previous studies have also reported higher indoor AMP concentrations compared to outdoor environments, − as MPs can be abundantly emitted into the air from various sources such as synthetic clothing and house furniture. , Mohamed et al estimated the inhalable AMP concentrations to be 36.3 and 19,000 N/m 3 at the 50th and 95th percentiles, respectively, without distinguishing between indoor and outdoor environments . Our estimated indoor AMP concentration is 2.7 times higher concerning the median value, but lower by approximately three times for the 95th percentile.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 44%

Probabilistic Estimation of Airborne Micro- and Nanoplastic Intake in Humans

Chen,

Meng,

Liu

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Little research exists on the magnitude, variability, and uncertainty of human exposure to airborne micro- and nanoplastics (AMNPs), despite their critical role in human exposure to MNPs. We probabilistically estimate the global intake of AMNPs through three main pathways: indoor inhalation, outdoor inhalation, and ingestion during indoor meals, for both children and adults. The median inhalation of AMPs is 1,207.7 (90% CI, 42.5–8.48 × 104) and 1,354.7 (90% CI, 47.4–9.55 × 104) N/capita/day for children and adults, respectively. The annual intake of AMPs is 13.18 mg/capita/a for children and 19.10 mg/capita/a for adults, which is approximately one-fifth and one-third of the mass of a standard stamp, assuming a consistent daily intake of medians. The majority of AMP number intake occurs through inhalation, while the ingestion of deposited AMPs during meals contributes the most in terms of mass. Furthermore, the median ANP intake through outdoor inhalation is 9,638.1 N/day (8.23 × 10–6 μg/d) and 5,410.6 N/day (4.62 × 10–6 μg/d) for children and adults, respectively, compared to 5.30 × 105 N/day (5.79 × 10–4 μg/d) and 6.00 × 105 N/day (6.55 × 10–4 μg/d) via indoor inhalation. Considering the increased toxicity of smaller MNPs, the significant number of ANPs inhaled warrants great attention. Collaborative efforts are imperative to further elucidate and combat the current MPN risks.

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“…Interestingly, the estimated daily intake (EDI) values of MPs via street dust ingestion ranges from 0.6 to 4.0 for children and from 0.3 to 2.0 particles per day for adults in Tehran, Iran [96]. Nevertheless, in some heavily polluted areas, such as Asaluyeh County, Iran, higher EDI values of MPs for children and adults were 0.7-103.3 and 0.3-51.7 particles/d, respectively [78,97].…”

Section: Mp and Np From Masks -Release And Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Wearing Face Masks as a Potential Source for Inhalation and Oral Uptake of Inanimate Toxins: a Scoping Review

Kisielinski¹,

Hockertz²,

Hirsch³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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From 2020 to 2023 many people around the world were forced to wear masks for large proportions of the day based on mandates and laws. We aimed to study the potential of face masks for the content and release of inanimate toxins. A scoping review of 1003 studies was performed (database search in PubMed/MEDLINE, qualitative and quantitative evaluation). Twenty-four studies were included (experimental time 17 min to 15 days) evaluating content and/or release in 631 masks (273 surgical, 228 textile and 130 N95 masks). Most studies (63%) showed alarming results with high micro- and nanoplastics (MPs and NPs) release and exceedances could also be evidenced for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), xylene, acrolein, per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), phthalates (including di(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate, DEHP) and for Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Sb and TiO2. Of course, masks filter bacteria, dirt and plastic particles and fibers from the air we breathe and have specific indications, but according to our data they also carry risks. Depending on the application, a risk-benefit analysis is necessary. However, mask mandates during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic have been generating an additional source of potentially harmful exposition to toxins at population level with almost zero distance to the airways.

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Microplastics in the atmosphere of Ahvaz City, Iran

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Characterization and quantification of microplastics in indoor environments

Characterization and quantification of microplastics in indoor environments

Probabilistic Estimation of Airborne Micro- and Nanoplastic Intake in Humans

Wearing Face Masks as a Potential Source for Inhalation and Oral Uptake of Inanimate Toxins: a Scoping Review

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