Microplastics everywhere: A review on existing methods of extraction

Debraj, Devangshi; Lavanya, M.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164878

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…These approaches typically involve the use of saturated salt solutions, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), to facilitate separation [ 23 ]. The separation of microplastic density from soil samples can use several other solutions, such as Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), Nitric Acid (HNO 3 ), Sodium Iodide (NaI), Zinc Chloride (ZnCl 2 ), and Calcium Chloride (CaCl 2 ), but the price is relatively expensive and dangerous, which makes handling and disposal difficult, and can affect the degradation of microplastic and cause discoloration of the microplastics to be tested [ 14 , 25 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic pollution in landfill soil: Emerging threats the environmental and public health

Pratiwi,

Achmadi,

Kurniawan

2024

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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Insufficient knowledge about the decomposition of microplastics from plastic waste in landfills hinders community involvement in waste management and sorting, posing a new threat to the environment and public health. The present study identifies, characterizes, and quantifies the microplastics in landfills soil sample to determine the latest threats posed by microplastics in the environment, particularly in landfills that are close to residential areas. This research is a descriptive study, with soil samples taken from six points in landfill site in Depok City. The abundance and shape of microplastics were characterized using a microscope, while the microplastic types were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in the Depok City landfill soil was 60,111.67 particles/kg, with the largest percentage being fragments at 63 %. FTIR functional group characterization showed the presence of plastic types, such as Polyethylene (PE), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC), Polystyrene (PS), Polypropylene (PP), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), and Polyamide. The differences in waste types entering the Depok Landfill caused variations in the number, shape, and type of microplastic samples, and this study provides a foundation for mitigating and biodegrading microplastics in the landfill to minimize environmental impact and protect public health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic pollution in landfill soil: Emerging threats the environmental and public health

Pratiwi,

Achmadi,

Kurniawan

2024

Environ Anal Health Toxicol

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“…One of the most frequently applied methods for extracting microplastics from sediments is density separation [29] . In this method, sampled materials are separated based on their density differences using dense intermediate solutions such as sodium chloride (1.20g cm -3 ), sodium iodide (1.6–1.8g cm - ), zinc chloride (1.5–1.8g cm - 3 ), and zinc bromide (1.7g cm -3 ) [ 27 , 30 , 31 ]. To achieve this separation, a number of different devices and designs have been developed and deployed.…”

Section: Additional Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of glass separating funnels to facilitate microplastic extraction from sediments

Wazne,

Mermillod-Blondin,

Vallier

et al. 2024

MethodsX

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“…The road's remaining constituents, e.g., aggregated bitumen, oil residues, and exhaust additives, could impact the chemical identification of SMPs and APFs, underestimating their quantification [30,31]. On the other hand, the use of strong and aggressive reagents (i.e., acids or alkaline reagents) together with the use of higher temperatures can improve the denaturation/degradation of these contaminants, affecting the particles size, shape, and their chemical identification [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification and Chemical Characterization of Plastic Additives and Small Microplastics (<100 μm) in Highway Road Dust

Rosso,

Bravo,

Gregoris

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Road dust is one of the environment’s most important microplastic and plastic additive sources. Traffic vehicles and the wear of tires can release these emerging contaminants, which can be resuspended in the air and washed off by stormwater runoff. In this study, a concurrent quantification and chemical characterization of additives, plasticizers, natural and non-plastic synthetic fibers (APFs), and small microplastics (SMPs, <100 µm) in samples of highway road dust (HWRD) was performed. The sampling procedure was optimized, as well as pretreatment (extraction, purification, and filtration) and analysis via micro-FTIR. The average length of the SMPs was 88 µm, while the average width was 50 µm. The highest abundance of SMPs was detected in HWRD 7 (802 ± 39 SMPs/g). Among the polymers characterized and quantified, vinyl ester and polytetrafluoroethylene were predominant. APFs’ average particle length was 80 µm and their width was 45 µm, confirming that both of these emerging pollutants are less than 100 µm in size. Their maximum concentration was in RD7, with 1044 ± 45 APFs/g. Lubricants and plasticizers are the two most abundant categories, followed by vulcanizing agents, accelerators, and pre-vulcanizing retarders derived mainly from tires. A potential relationship between APFs and SMPs in the different seasons was observed, as their concentration was lower in summer for both and higher in winter 2022. These results will be significant in investigating the load of these pollutants from highways, which is urgently necessary for more accurate inclusion in emission inventories, receptor modeling, and health protection programs by policymakers, especially in air and water pollution policies, to prevent risks to human health.

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Microplastics everywhere: A review on existing methods of extraction

Cited by 15 publications

References 133 publications

Microplastic pollution in landfill soil: Emerging threats the environmental and public health

Microplastic pollution in landfill soil: Emerging threats the environmental and public health

Optimization of glass separating funnels to facilitate microplastic extraction from sediments

Quantification and Chemical Characterization of Plastic Additives and Small Microplastics (<100 μm) in Highway Road Dust

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