Microplastics degradation through hydrothermal liquefaction of wastewater treatment sludge

Buoyant microplastics in freshwater sediments – How do they get there?

“…The samples were incubated for 48 h at 50 °C and continuously mixed. The filtered particles went through enzyme purification steps with a blend of cellulase (Cellulase enzyme blend®, Sigma-Aldrich) and cellulolytic enzymes (Viscozyme®L, Sigma-Aldrich), again for 48 h at 50 °C, followed by protease, also at 50 °C for 48 h (Protease from Bacillus sp.®, Sigma-Aldrich) (Chand et al, 2022). A Fenton oxidation was performed by transferring the filtered particles into 200 mL of Milli-Q water and adding 145 mL of 50 % H 2 O 2 , 65 mL of 0.1 M NaOH, and 62 mL of 0.1 M FeSO 4 while maintaining the temperature at 15-30 °C.…”

“…For analyzing particles between 10 and 500 μm, FPA-μFTIR imaging was applied (Agilent Cary 620 FTIR microscope equipped with a 128 × 128 pixel FPA (Mercury Cadmium Telluride detector) and coupled to an Agilent 670 IR spectroscope). Sample deposition steps and instrument settings were similar to that of Chand et al (2022) and Rasmussen et al (2021). Briefly, a small sub-sample was taken of the particle suspension (the 5 mL of 50 % ethanol) using a glass pipette and deposited on a zinc selenide window (Ø13 × 2 mm, Crystran, UK) held in a compression cell with a Ø10 mm free area (Pike Technologies, USA).…”

Sludge Thermal Hydrolysis for Mitigating Oxidative Stress of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Anaerobic Digestion: Significance of the Solids Content

“…The principal removal mechanism is retaining them in the sewage sludge . Reportedly, the MPs/NPs in sewage sludge ranged from 4.2 × 10 3 to 6.4 × 10 6 particles/kg of dry solids . Land application of sewage sludge is discarding 4.4 × 10–3 × 10 5 tons/year of MPs/NPs into the soil in North America .…”

“…5 Reportedly, the MPs/ NPs in sewage sludge ranged from 4.2 × 10 3 to 6.4 × 10 6 particles/kg of dry solids. 6 Land application of sewage sludge is discarding 4.4 × 10 4 −3 × 10 5 tons/year of MPs/NPs into the soil in North America. 7 Sewage sludge also contains residual antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs).…”

Optimizing hydrothermal dechlorination of PVC in a SS-316 reactor: From chemistry knowledge to material considerations

“…To deal with PVC wastes, the most mature technologies to date are mechanochemical recycling, pyrolysis, and low-temperature catalytic dechlorination in the presence of metal oxides; however, almost all these techniques suffer from a couple of common drawbacks, including the formation of chlorinated solids, the release of HCl in the reaction medium, and formation of chlorinated liquid products which frequently require further fining [5,6]. Many research groups have concentrated their efforts on chlorine removal from recycling chambers to address and overcome these challenges [3,[7][8][9].…”