Microplastics as an Emerging Threat to the Global Environment and Human Health

Abstract

In recent years, there has been mounting concern about the bearing of microplastics on human health and the comprehensive natural environment. These particles come from a variety of sources, such as soaps, personal care products, and the rundown of bigger plastic items. The impacts of microplastics on marine life and other ecosystems are substantial, including ingestion by marine animals, interference with their reproductive systems, and even death. The economic implications of microplastics are also significant, with industries, such as fishing and tourism being affected by the presence of microplastics in the environment. Exposure to microplastics can also pose potential health risks to humans, including respiratory and digestive problems, as well as disrupt sleep, contribute to obesity, and increase the risk of diabetes. To address this issue, policies and initiatives have been put in place to reduce microplastic pollution, but there are challenges that need to be overcome, such as lack of awareness, limited resources, and ineffective regulations. Further research is also needed to fully understand the impacts of microplastics on our health and to develop effective strategies to mitigate the problem. In this article, we have discussed the requirement of a multifaceted approach including reducing plastic use, promoting proper disposal and recycling of plastic waste, developing innovative technologies for capturing and removing microplastics from the environment, raising public awareness, and implementing effective regulations and policies. It is only through concerted efforts and collaboration between individuals, industries, and governments that the threat of microplastics can be tackled.

Exposure to Environmental Toxins: Potential Implications for Stroke Risk via the Gut– and Lung–Brain Axis

“…Despite policy efforts and heightened awareness of methods to recycle and dispose of plastics, less than 10% is recycled, and a quarter of the plastic is inadequately disposed of (https://www.oecd.org/environment/plastic-pollutionis-growing-relentlessly-as-waste-management-and-recycling-fall-short.htm; accessed on 14 March 2024). Improperly disposed plastic can persist in the environment and be degraded and broken into fragmented pieces known as microplastics (particles less than 5 mm) and nanoplastics (less than 1 nm) [109,110]. Abundant in the environment, these particles can be both inhaled and ingested as they have been detected in soil, air, and drinking water [111,112].…”

Functionalization Methods of Starch and Its Derivatives: From Old Limitations to New Possibilities

“…The combination of starch with synthetic or other natural polymers in the form of blends is carried out in order to eliminate limitations in its use, mainly such as brittleness, sensitivity to moisture, or poor mechanical properties. When a nondegradable polymer is a component of the mixture, there is a risk of greater environmental pollution with microplastics [ 55 ]. It is not an ideal solution when we use other biodegradable polymers, such as aliphatic polyesters, in blends with starch.…”

Ni-based catalysts supported on Hbeta zeolite for the hydrocracking of waste polyolefins

“…3 There has been a substantial accumulation of plastic waste in the environment, posing threats to both human health and the natural ecosystem, as well as resulting in significant resource waste. 4–6 To solve these aforementioned issues, a new plastic circular economy model is desperately needed to replace the conventional linear economic model. 7,8 This new circular model will enable the closed-loop recycling and upcycling of plastics, contributing to resolve the pressing issue of plastic pollution.…”