Microphysical and physico-chemical characterization of atmospheric marine and continental aerosol at mace head

Jennings, S. G.; Geever, Michael; McGovern, Fiona; Francis, James B.; Spain, T.G.; Donaghy, T.

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(97)00039-3

Cited by 51 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…They found a bimodal distribution with the peaks at 0.3 to 0.6 μm and 3 to 6 μm by using a MOUDI located on the roof of a building that was 20 meters above the sea level. The study of Jennings et al (1997) also showed a bimodal distribution at 0.4 to 0.5 μm (23%) and 4 to 5 μm (77%). A Berner lowpressure impactor located about 300 meters from the shore and 30 meters above the sea level was used in that study.…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 88%

Aerosol Source Sampling in a Mid-scale City, Gainesville, FL

Lundgren

2006

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Five major sources for the ambient aerosol in Gainesville, FL were sampled by using a MicroOrifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI) and a University of Washington Mark III Cascade Impactor. The samples were analyzed for carbons and ions. Soil dust, unpaved road dust, cement dust particles and marine aerosols were mainly in the coarse mode, while particles from transportation showed a bi-modal or tri-modal distribution.Carbon in soil dust was mainly organic, while carbon in unpaved road dust was mainly elemental. In transportation aerosols, carbons were mostly found in the ultra-fine range (< 0.18 μm) and were likely from gasoline vehicles. For ionic species, soil dust was rich in Na , and Cl -were the key components in the coarse mode. In the cement dust, Ca 2+ was the dominant species.

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Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 88%

Aerosol Source Sampling in a Mid-scale City, Gainesville, FL

Lundgren

2006

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…5, which shows the comparison of OXL monthly mean observation in bulk or PM 10 aerosol with the TM4-ECPL simulations. OXL observations include measurements at the Finokalia atmospheric monitoring station of the University of Crete (Mihalopoulos et al, 1997) in the Eastern Mediterranean, Amsterdam Island (Sciare et al, 2009) in the Southern Indian Ocean, Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on the west coast of Ireland (Jennings et al, 1997) and the CARBOSOL sites in Europe .…”

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Mace Head atmospheric research station (Jennings et al, 1997) is located on the west coast of Ireland, about 86 km westward of Galway City. The station is westerly exposed to the North Atlantic Ocean, with the Atlantic shipping routes located more than 150 km to the west of the station.…”

Section: Comparison With Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Organic acids attract increasing attention as contributors to atmospheric acidity, secondary organic aerosol mass and aerosol hygroscopicity. Oxalic acid is globally the most abundant dicarboxylic acid, formed via chemical oxidation of gas-phase precursors in the aqueous phase of aerosols and droplets. Its lifecycle and atmospheric global distribution remain highly uncertain and are the focus of this study. The first global spatial and temporal distribution of oxalate, simulated using a state-of-the-art aqueous-phase chemical scheme embedded within the global 3-dimensional chemistry/transport model TM4-ECPL, is here presented. The model accounts for comprehensive gas-phase chemistry and its coupling with major aerosol constituents (including secondary organic aerosol). Model results are consistent with ambient observations of oxalate at rural and remote locations (slope = 1.16 ± 0.14, r 2 = 0.36, N =114) and suggest that aqueous-phase chemistry contributes significantly to the global atmospheric burden of secondary organic aerosol. In TM4-ECPL most oxalate is formed in-cloud and less than 5 % is produced in aerosol water. About 62 % of the oxCorrespondence to: M. Kanakidou (mariak@chemistry.uoc.gr) alate is removed via wet deposition, 30 % by in-cloud reaction with hydroxyl radical, 4 % by in-cloud reaction with nitrate radical and 4 % by dry deposition. The in-cloud global oxalate net chemical production is calculated to be about 21-37 Tg yr −1 with almost 79 % originating from biogenic hydrocarbons, mainly isoprene. This condensed phase net source of oxalate in conjunction with a global mean turnover time against deposition of about 5 days, maintain oxalate's global tropospheric burden of 0.2-0.3 Tg, i.e. 0.05-0.1 Tg-C that is about 5-9 % of model-calculated water soluble organic carbon burden.

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“…Collections took place between 11 August 2002 and 22 August 2002, each sample period running from 11:00 UT for 24 h. The National University of Ireland, Galway, continuously operate a Magee aethalometer model AE-9. This instrument, together with the wind direction, has often been used to identify the clean air sector at the research station (Jennings et al, 1997). The criteria used here are similar to those applied by O'Dowd et al (2004) and are restricted to those periods when the aerosol absorption is less than 0.475 Mm −1 , and the wind direction is to the west and south of 180 • and 330 • respectively.…”

Section: Measurements and Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX

et al. 2006

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Abstract.A suite of aerosol physical and chemical measurements were made at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station, Co. Galway, Ireland, a coastal site on the eastern seaboard of the north Atlantic Ocean during NAMBLEX. The data have been used in this paper to show that over a wide range of aerosol sizes there is no impact of the intertidal zone or the surf zone on measurements made at 7 m above ground level or higher. During the measurement period a range of air mass types were observed. During anticyclonic periods and conditions of continental outflow Aitken and accumulation mode were enhanced by a factor of 5 compared to the marine sector, whilst coarse mode particles were enhanced during westerly conditions. Baseline marine conditions were rarely met at Mace Head during NAMBLEX and high wind speeds were observed for brief periods only.The NAMBLEX experiment focussed on a detailed assessment of photochemistry in the marine environment, investigating the linkage between the HO x and the halogen radical cycles. Heterogeneous losses are important in both these cycles. In this paper loss rates of gaseous species to aerosol surfaces were calculated for a range of uptake coefficients. Even when the accommodation coefficient is unity, lifetimes due to heterogeneous loss of less than 10 s were never observed and rarely were they less than 500 s. Diffusional limitation to mass transfer is important in most conditions as the coarse mode is always significant. We calculate a minimum overestimate of 50% in the loss rate if this is neglected and so it should always be considered when calculating loss rates of gaseous species to particle surfaces. HO 2 and HOI have accommodation coefficients of around 0.03 and hence we calculate lifetimes due to loss to particle surfaces of 2000 s or greater under the conditions experienced during NAMBLEX.Correspondence to: H. Coe (hugh.coe@manchester.ac.uk) Aerosol composition data collected during this experiment provide representative information on the input aerosol characteristics to western Europe. During NAMBLEX the submicron aerosol was predominately acidified sulphate and organic material, which was most likely internally mixed. The remaining accumulation mode aerosol was sea salt. The organic and sulphate fractions were approximately equally important, though the mass ratio varies considerably between air masses. Mass spectral fingerprints of the organic fraction in polluted conditions are similar to those observed at other locations that are characterised by aged continental aerosol. In marine conditions, the background input of both sulphate and organic aerosol into Europe was observed to be between 0.5 and 1µg m −3 . Key differences in the mass spectra were observed during the few clean periods but were insufficient to ascertain whether these changes reflect differences in the source fingerprint of the organic aerosol. The coarse mode was composed of sea salt and showed significant displacement of chloride by nitrate and to a lesser extent sulphate in polluted conditio...

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Microphysical and physico-chemical characterization of atmospheric marine and continental aerosol at mace head

Cited by 51 publications

References 15 publications

Aerosol Source Sampling in a Mid-scale City, Gainesville, FL

Aerosol Source Sampling in a Mid-scale City, Gainesville, FL

In-cloud oxalate formation in the global troposphere: a 3-D modeling study

Chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol particles at a remote coastal location, Mace Head, Ireland, during NAMBLEX

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