Microperforation of the human nail plate by radiation of erbium lasers

Беликов, А. В.; Sergeev, A. N.; Smirnov, S. N.; Tavalinskaya, Anastasia D.

doi:10.1007/s12200-017-0719-3

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most promising lasers for microporation of the nail plate are Er and CO 2 lasers because of their highly effective ablation effect on the surface layers of biological tissue [13‐16]. In the study of Er‐laser microporation of the nail, a high ablation rate of a healthy nail by the radiation of Er:YLF laser ( λ = 2.81 μm) was demonstrated [13]. The prospect of using the Er:YLF laser is associated with a long lifetime of the upper laser level (the multiplet 4 I 11/2 ) [17], which is an essential advantage when using diode pumping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the Dual‐Stage Method of Active Er:YLF Laser Drug Delivery Through the Nail and Laser‐Induced Transformations of the Drug Extinction Spectrum

2021

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Background and Objective A novel dual‐stage method for active laser drug delivery (DSLADD) in the treatment of nail diseases is being presented. This method includes sequentially performed microporation of the nail with submillisecond pulses of Er:YLF laser radiation through a layer of an aqueous solution of drug deposited on the nail surface (Stage 1) and exposure this layer to the same laser radiation to deliver drug under the nail plate (Stage 2). The delivery of methylene blue (MB) as one of the possible drugs in the treatment of nail diseases is investigated. The influence of the thickness of the MB layer, as well as the energy and number of applied laser pulses, on the rate of active laser delivery is discussed. To illustrate the possible effect of delivery on the drug delivered, special attention is paid to the deformation of the extinction spectrum of MB solution after laser irradiation. Study Design/Materials and Methods Diode‐pumped Er:YLF laser was used for DSLADD. The process of DSLADD under the nail plate was investigated using digital video microscopy. For different values of the thickness of MB solution layer applied to the nail plate and the energy of laser pulses, the number of laser pulses required to create a single through a microchannel in the nail plate and the number of laser pulses required to deliver the solution to the ventral side of the nail plate after its microporation were registered. The mass and the dose of MB solution penetrated under the nail plate, and the rate of MB solution delivery through a single microchannel was determined. Investigation of the influence of Er:YLF laser radiation parameters on the extinction spectrum of the drug was performed using a fiber spectrometer. The extinction spectra of the 0.001% aqueous solution of MB were recorded before and after exposure to a different number of Er:YLF laser pulses with the energy of 1–4 mJ. Results It was found that the minimum number of laser pulses required for active Er:YLF laser drug delivery under the nail corresponds to the MB layer thickness of 100 μm and the laser pulse energy of 4 mJ. It is shown that in this case, the rate of active laser delivery of MB solution reaches 0.26 ± 0.03 mg/pulse. The radiation of the Er:YLF laser affects the shape of the extinction spectrum of the aqueous solution of MВ, which is associated with the transition of the dye from the monomeric to dimeric state. Depending on the laser pulse energy, the fraction of a certain conformational state in the aqueous MB solution can decrease or increase, stimulating a possible change in its photodynamic and antiseptic activity. Conclusion For the first time, a novel DSLADD through the nail has been described and investigated in vitro. It was demonstrated that at Er:YLF laser pulse repetition rate of f = 30 Hz, microporation of the nail plate and drug delivery through a single microchannel will be about 1.5 s. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Dual‐Stage Method of Active Er:YLF Laser Drug Delivery Through the Nail and Laser‐Induced Transformations of the Drug Extinction Spectrum

2021

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“…Possible mechanisms leading to the destruction of the nail plate during microporation are direct laser ablation, as well as photomechanical and photothermal effects [6]. The most promising lasers for microporation of the nail plate are Er and CO 2 lasers due to their highly effective ablative effect on the surface layers of biological tissue [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Delivery and Spectral Study of a Chlorine-Containing Drug for the Treatment of Onychomycosis at Sequential Laser (λ = 2810 nm) and Photodynamic (λ = 656 ± 10 nm) Impact

2021

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The possibility of a dual-stage active laser delivery of a modern chlorine-containing photodynamic drug under the nail plate for the purpose of photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis has been investigated and demonstrated for the first time. The extinction spectra of the photodynamic drug Revixan (OOO Areal, Russia) are studied at different temperatures, as well as before and after exposure to Er:YLF laser radiation with a wavelength of 2810 nm and photodynamic LED radiation with a wavelength of 656 ± 10 nm. It is shown that after heating and laser exposure, the amount of monomers in the chlorine-containing photodynamic drug increases, and after photodynamic exposure decreases, which can affect the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis.

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“…Возможными механизмами, приводящими к разрушению ногтевой пластины при микропорации, могут быть прямая лазерная абляция, а также фотомеханический и фототермический эффекты [6]. Наиболее перспективными лазерами для микропорации ногтевой пластины являются Er-и CO 2 -лазеры из-за их высокоэффективного абляционного воздействия на поверхностные слои биологической ткани [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Лазерная доставка и спектральное исследование хлоринсодержащего препарата для лечения онихомикоза при последовательном лазерном (λ=2819 nm) и фотодинамическом (λ=656± 10 nm) воздействии

Беликов¹,

Смирнов²,

Тавалинская³

2021

Оптика И Спектроскопия

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For the first time, the possibility of a dual-stage active laser delivery of a modern chlorin-containing photodynamic preparation under the nail plate for photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis was investigated and demonstrated. The extinction spectra of the photodynamic preparation Revixan (Areal Ltd., Russia) were investigated at different temperatures, as well as before and after exposure to Er:YLF-laser radiation with a wavelength of 2810 nm and photodynamic LED radiation with a wavelength of 656 ± 10 nm. It is shown that after heating and laser exposure, the amount of monomers in the chlorin-containing photodynamic preparation increases, and after photodynamic exposure decreases, which can affect the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy of onychomycosis.

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Microperforation of the human nail plate by radiation of erbium lasers

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Investigation of the Dual‐Stage Method of Active Er:YLF Laser Drug Delivery Through the Nail and Laser‐Induced Transformations of the Drug Extinction Spectrum

Investigation of the Dual‐Stage Method of Active Er:YLF Laser Drug Delivery Through the Nail and Laser‐Induced Transformations of the Drug Extinction Spectrum

Laser Delivery and Spectral Study of a Chlorine-Containing Drug for the Treatment of Onychomycosis at Sequential Laser (λ = 2810 nm) and Photodynamic (λ = 656 ± 10 nm) Impact

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