Microparticles containing propolis and metronidazole:in vitrocharacterization, release study and antimicrobial activity against periodontal pathogens

Abstract

Ethylcellulose microparticles containing metronidazole and propolis extractive solution were prepared and evaluated in vitro against periodontal pathogens. Scanning electron microscopy, particle size analysis, drug entrapment efficiency and drug release of microparticles were determined. The antimicrobial activity of microparticles was evaluated against microorganisms of periodontal importance (Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli). It was obtained particles with regular morphology, mean diameter of 1.23 µm, and entrapment efficiency for propolis and metronidazole were 91.41% and 22.23%, respectively. In vitro release studies of propolis and metronidazole from microparticles showed prolonged drug release and controlled by Fickian diffusion. Both propolis and metronidazole displayed activity against the tested strains. Moreover, the results showed that the strains of E. faecalis, S. pyogenes and S. mutans were more susceptible to the propolis and E. faecalis to the metronidazole. It was also observed that the amount of metronidazole to inhibit the microorganism strains in the physical mixture with propolis was smaller than in the metronidazole alone, suggesting potentiation effect between propolis and metronidazole. These microparticles would be useful for developing intermediary or eventual dosage form to be administered into the periodontal pocket more easily and safely.

Natural-resin in-situ-forming gels: Physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities

“…Inhibition against C. albicans 44 and S. aureus 45 by propolis has also been reported. Furthermore, owing to its antimicrobial activity, propolis with metronidazole microparticles based on methylcellulose has been reported to enhance antimicrobial synergism for periodontal treatment, compared with metronidazole 46 . From the above results, the antimicrobial activities of benzoin and propolis ISG systems are attractive for use in the delivery of antimicrobial agents, particularly for the treatment of periodontitis.…”

Novel anti-infective activities of chitosan immobilized titanium surface with enhanced osteogenic properties

“…As a result, there has been a growing focus on increasing the surface roughness of the Ti implant. Acid etching is one of the most popular techniques to increase roughness for better osseointegration [19–22]. …”

Novel Bioactive and Therapeutic Dental Polymeric Materials to Inhibit Periodontal Pathogens and Biofilms

“…Meanwhile, they have lower risks of undesirable side effects, superior efficacy and enhanced patient compliance [7]. Due to the relatively low price, higher stability, nontoxicity, biocompatibility, nonimmunogenicity and biodegradability, a variety of polymers are investigated as drug carriers in various formulations and forms such as fibers [38,39,40,41], strips [42], films [43,44], gels [45,46], micro-particles [47,48,49], nanoparticles [11,50,51,52], and vesicular system [53,54]. Table 1 shows various polymer-based local drug delivery systems delivering a variety of antibiotics, such as metronidazole, doxycycline, tetracycline and secnidazole, for combating periodontal pathogens.…”